Development and Application of a Novel 'Green' Antibacterial Black Garlic ()-Based Nanogel in Epidermal Wound Healing.

Research Background: Black garlic has been reported to have several health-promoting properties compared to fresh, raw garlic. The enzyme alliinase, which converts alliin to allicin, is deactivated at moderately high temperature, thus stripping away the typical pungent odour of fresh garlic during fermentation and rendering black garlic devoid of the typical garlic-like smell. To date, the antimicrobial activity of alliin-rich extract obtained from black garlic powder has not been reported.

The biomedical applications of artificial intelligence: an overview of decades of research.

A significant area of computer science called artificial intelligence (AI) is successfully applied to the analysis of intricate biological data and the extraction of substantial associations from datasets for a variety of biomedical uses. AI has attracted significant interest in biomedical research due to its features: (i) better patient care through early diagnosis and detection; (ii) enhanced workflow; (iii) lowering medical errors; (v) lowering medical costs; (vi) reducing morbidity and mortality; (vii) enhancing performance; (viii) enhancing precision; and (ix) time efficiency. Quantitative metrics are crucial for evaluating AI implementations, providing insights, enabling informed decisions, and measuring the impact of AI-driven initiatives, thereby enhancing transparency, accountability, and overall impact.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and SMAD4 negatively correlated in the progression of gallbladder cancer in Eastern Indian patients.

Background And Introduction: Two and half percent of the Indian population suffer from gallbladder cancer (GBC). The primary factors that lead GBC are associated with mutation of several protooncogenes such as EGFR, ERBB2, Myc, and CCND1 along with dysregulation of several tumor suppressor genes such as SMAD4 and CDKN2A. Bacterial infection caused by S.

Crystal property engineering using molecular-supramolecular equivalence: mechanical property alteration in hydrogen bonded systems.

Most crystal engineering strategies exercised until now mainly rely on the alteration of weak non-covalent interactions to design structures and thus properties. Examples of mechanical property alteration for a given structure type are rare with only a few halogen bonded cases. The modular nature of halogen bonds with interaction strength tunability makes the task straightforward to obtain property differentiated crystals.

Valorization of tuberose flower waste through development of therapeutic products using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and microencapsulation technologies.

Tuberose flowers (Calcutta Single variety) valued as ornamentals globally, have short shelf-lives of 8 days at 4 ± 1 °C and are therefore discarded post senescence. Previous investigations from our laboratory have established that a combination treatment using GRAS preservatives [(sucrose (4%) and CaCl (0.02%)]-cum-gamma-irradiation (0.

Temperature-Reliant Dynamic Properties and Elasto-Plastic to Plastic Crystal (Rotator) Phase Transition in a Metal Oxyacid Salt.

Although, dynamic crystals are attractive for use in many technologies, molecular level mechanisms of various solid-state dynamic processes and their interdependence, remain poorly understood. Here, we report a rare example of a dynamic crystal (1), involving a heavy transition metal, rhenium, with an initial two-face elasticity (within ≈1 % strain), followed by elasto-plastic deformation, at room temperature. Further, these crystals transform to a rotator (plastic) crystal phase at ≈105 °C, displaying exceptional malleability.

Reply to the 'Comment on "Trimorphs of 4-bromophenyl 4-bromobenzoate. Elastic, brittle, plastic"' by J. J. Whittaker, A. J. Brock, A. Grosjean, M. C. Pfrunder, J. C. McMurtrie and J. K. Clegg, , 2021, , DOI: 10.1039/D0CC07668F.

Crystals that differ in their molecular constitution may yet share the same mechanical property, such as plastic deformation, because they are equivalent in a supramolecular sense.

Isomorphism: 'molecular similarity to crystal structure similarity' in multicomponent forms of analgesic drugs tolfenamic and mefenamic acid.

The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs mefenamic acid (MFA) and tolfenamic acid (TFA) have a close resemblance in their molecular scaffold, whereby a methyl group in MFA is substituted by a chloro group in TFA. The present study demonstrates the isomorphous nature of these compounds in a series of their multicomponent solids. Furthermore, the unique nature of MFA and TFA has been demonstrated while excavating their alternate solid forms in that, by varying the drug (MFA or TFA) to coformer [4-di-methyl-amino-pyridine (DMAP)] stoichiometric ratio, both drugs have produced three different types of multicomponent crystals, viz.

From Molecules to Interactions to Crystal Engineering: Mechanical Properties of Organic Solids.

Mechanical properties of organic molecular crystals have been noted and studied over the years but the complexity of the subject and its relationship with diverse fields such as mechanochemistry, phase transformations, polymorphism, and chemical, mechanical, and materials engineering have slowed understanding. Any such understanding also needs conceptual advances-sophisticated instrumentation, computational modeling, and chemical insight-lack of such synergy has surely hindered progress in this important field. This Account describes our efforts at focusing down into this interesting subject from the viewpoint of crystal engineering, which is the synthesis and design of functional molecular solids.

Trimorphs of 4-bromophenyl 4-bromobenzoate. Elastic, brittle, plastic.

Intermolecular interactions and crystal packing of three polymorphs of the title compound are described in the context of their different mechanical properties. Molecular features of compounds that may be prone to such property differentiated polymorphism are discussed.

Acid···Amide Supramolecular Synthon in Cocrystals: From Spectroscopic Detection to Property Engineering.

The acid···amide dimer heterosynthon in cocrystals of aromatic acids and primary amides is identified by marker peaks in the IR spectra that are characteristic of individual N-H···O and O-H···O interactions and also of the extended synthon. The O-H···O hydrogen bond is crucial to heterodimer formation in contrast to the N-H···O bond. A combinatorial study, tuning the chemical nature of acid and amide functionalities, leads to 22 cocrystals out of 36 crystallization attempts.

A hand-twisted helical crystal based solely on hydrogen bonding.

A hand twistable hydrogen bonded two-dimensional plastic crystal, 4-pyridinyl 4-nitrobenzoate hydrate, is obtained from a brittle precursor using a retrosynthetic design strategy based on molecular/supramolecular equivalence.

σ-Hole and π-Hole Synthon Mimicry in Third-Generation Crystal Engineering: Design of Elastic Crystals.

Designing elastic crystals is a difficult task and is of relevance in potential applications from materials to biology. Here, multi-step crystal engineering based on σ-hole and π-hole synthon mimicry is performed to obtain binary organic molecular crystals with a high degree of flexibility. A structural model is proposed based only on σ-hole-oriented type-II halogen bonds with their characteristic orthogonal geometry.

Crystal Engineering of Hand-Twisted Helical Crystals.

A strategy is outlined for the design of hand-twisted helical crystals. The starting point in the exercise is the one-dimensional (1D) plastic crystal, 1,4-dibromobenzene, which is then changed to a 1D elastic crystal, exemplified by 4-bromophenyl 4'-chlorobenzoate, by introduction of a molecular synthon -O-CO- in lieu of the supramolecular synthon Br···Br in the precursor. The 1D elastic crystals are next modified to two-dimensional (2D) elastic crystals, of the type 4-bromophenyl 4'-nitrobenzoate where the halogen bonding and C-H···O hydrogen bonding are well-matched.

Using structural modularity in cocrystals to engineer properties: elasticity.

Cocrystal formation of heterocyclic bases with halogenated aromatic acids increases the tendency for stacking and with this, an increase in structural isotropy occurs that leads to crystal elasticity.