TP53-agnostic lethality through combined pan-HDAC and CDK inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia.

Tumor protein 53 (TP53)-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by poor outcomes and the quick development of treatment resistance. Here, we report that simultaneous inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) with dinaciclib and CAY10603, respectively, eliminates the therapeutic response gap between TP53-mutant and TP53 wild-type AML. Biochemical profiling showed that CAY10603 is not only HDAC6-selective but also exhibits pan-HDAC activity similar to suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, enabling dual targeting of transcriptional and cell cycle pathways.

Bacterial extracellular vesicle as a predictive biomarker for postoperative delirium status after spinal surgery: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Prognostic factors significantly associated with postoperative delirium (POD) have been reported discordantly, possibly due to heterogeneous cohorts. Here, bacteria extracellular vesicles (BEVs) were introduced to predict the POD status of a unique patient cohort.

Methods: One hundred twenty-eight patients who underwent spinal surgery participated in this prospective cohort study.

InflammationHypoxia-Inducible Factor Signaling Compensates for Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Maintaining Gut Barrier Integrity.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease remains an enigma in terms of its etiology, with breakdown of the intestinal barrier attributed to the elusive leaky gut syndrome. In this study, we investigated the role of interplay between hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in maintaining intestinal barrier homeostasis.

Methods: An enteroid system and AhR-deficient mouse models were used, with HIF stabilized by a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor.

Scutellarein attenuates cancer cachexia-induced muscle atrophy via targeted inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway.

Introduction: Cancer cachexia is a multifaceted metabolic syndrome characterized by severe loss of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, diminishing both quality of life and survival in cancer patients. Despite its prevalence, effective treatments for cancer cachexia remain limited. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway has been identified as a key driver of muscle atrophy in cachexia.

Electroencephalogram Correlates of Delayed Emergence After Remimazolam-Induced Anesthesia Compared to Propofol.

Background: Delayed emergence from anesthesia presents clinical challenges, including prolonged stays in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). The neurobiological mechanisms underlying delayed emergence, particularly in remimazolam-induced anesthesia, remain poorly understood. This study aimed to explore patterns of brain electrical activity of delayed emergence in remimazolam-induced anesthesia by comparing dynamic changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) activity under various anesthesia states of remimazolam and propofol, focusing on the prefrontal region.

Specific detection of genetically modified potatoes containing and genes derived from potato.

Several genetically modified (GM) potatoes have been developed by introducing endogenous genes derived from potatoes, such as () and (), to improve quality. Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish between GM and non-GM potatoes. In this study, we developed a sequence-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection method to identify innate and inserted genes.

The Role of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Potential.

Lung cancer remains a major global health problem because of its high cancer-related mortality rate despite advances in therapeutic approaches. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a major subtype of lung cancer, is more amenable to surgical intervention in its early stages. However, the prognosis for advanced NSCLC remains poor, owing to limited treatment options.

3,6-Bis(methylthio)-9H-carbazole Based Self-Assembled Monolayer for Highly Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

The photovoltaic performance of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) relies on effectively managing the interface between the hole extraction layer and the light-absorbing perovskite layer. In this study, we have synthesised (4-(3,6-bis(methylthio)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid (MeS-4PACz), which forms a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode. The molecule's methylthio substituents generate a favourable interfacial dipole moment and interact with the perovskite layer.

In Situ Analysis of Binder Degradation during Catalyst-Accelerated Stress Test of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells.

High-oxygen-permeability ionomers (HOPIs) are being actively developed to enhance the performance and durability of high-power polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). While methods for evaluating binder performance are well-established, techniques for assessing binder durability and measuring its degradation in situ during the AST process remain limited. This study examines the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) and Warburg-like response (WLR) methods as in situ analysis techniques during the catalyst-accelerated stress test (AST) process.

Synergistic Buried Interface Regulation of Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells via Co-Self-Assembled Monolayers.

Tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) hold considerable potential for achieving efficiencies near the Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) limit. Notably, the inverted structure stands as the preferred fabrication method for the most efficient Sn-Pb PSCs. In this regard, it is imperative to implement a strategic customization of the hole selective layer to facilitate carrier extraction and refine the quality of perovskite films, which requires effective hole selectivity and favorable interactions with Sn-Pb perovskites.

Safety and efficacy of selumetinib in pediatric and adult patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 and plexiform neurofibroma.

Background: The MEK inhibitor, selumetinib, reduces plexiform neurofibroma (PN) in pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Its safety and efficacy in adults with PN and effectiveness in other NF1 manifestations (eg, neurocognitive function, growth reduction, and café-au-lait spots) are unknown.

Methods: This open-label, phase II trial enrolled 90 pediatric or adult NF1 patients with inoperable, symptomatic, or potentially morbid, measurable PN (≥3 cm).

Efficacy of intraoperative blood salvage and autotransfusion in living-donor liver transplantation: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) may be associated with massive blood loss and the need for allogeneic blood transfusion. Intraoperative blood salvage autotransfusion (IBSA) can reduce the need for allogeneic blood transfusion. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of blood salvage in LT.

Preoperative mild cognitive impairment as a risk factor of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing spine surgery.

Introduction: Any persistent degree of cognitive impairment in older adults is a concern as it can progress to dementia. This study aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing spine surgery.

Methods: Patients were enrolled from a previous prospective observational study after screening for normal cognitive function using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Differential effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on frontal intraoperative electroencephalogram dynamics associated with postoperative delirium.

Study Objective: Intraoperative electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns associated with postoperative delirium (POD) development have been studied, but the differences in EEG recordings between sevoflurane- and desflurane-induced anesthesia have not been clarified. We aimed to distinguish the EEG characteristics of sevoflurane and desflurane in relation to POD development.

Design And Patients: We collected frontal four-channel EEG data during the maintenance of anesthesia from 148 elderly patients who received sevoflurane (n = 77) or desflurane (n = 71); 30 patients were diagnosed with delirium postoperatively.

Investigation of Hole-Transfer Dynamics through Simple EL De-Convolution in Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells.

In conventional fullerene-based organic photovoltaics (OPVs), in which the excited electrons from the donor are transferred to the acceptor, the electron charge transfer state () that electrons pass through has a great influence on the device's performance. In a bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) system based on a low bandgap non-fullerene acceptor (NFA), however, a hole charge transfer state () from the acceptor to the donor has a greater influence on the device's performance. The accurate determination of is essential for achieving further enhancement in the performance of non-fullerene organic solar cells.

Prognostic role of body composition in peritoneal carcinomatosis patients undergoing cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Background: Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA)-measured body composition and nutritional status have been used as prognostic indicators in various cancer cohorts. This study investigated whether BIA could provide information on prognosis in peritoneal carcinomatosis patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 99 patients with preoperative BIA data among those who underwent CRS and HIPEC.

Re-Emergence of HMPV in Gwangju, South Korea, after the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented to prevent the spread of COVID-19 have affected the epidemiology of other respiratory viruses. In South Korea, Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) typically occurs from winter to the following spring; however, it was not detected for two years during the COVID-19 pandemic and re-emerged in the fall of 2022, which is a non-epidemic season. To examine the molecular genetic characteristics of HMPV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, we analyzed 427 HMPV-positive samples collected in the Gwangju area from 2018 to 2022.

Resting-state prefrontal EEG biomarker in correlation with postoperative delirium in elderly patients.

Postoperative delirium (POD) is associated with adverse outcomes in elderly patients after surgery. Electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to develop a potential biomarker for degenerative cerebral dysfunctions, including mild cognitive impairment and dementia. This study aimed to explore the relationship between preoperative EEG and POD.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of (L.) S. Extract on Contact Dermatitis in Mice-Its Active Compounds and Molecular Targets.

(L.) S. has been used to treat epidemic fever, dysuria, and various skin ailments, such as measles eruptions, eczema, and pruritus, in China, Japan, and Korea.