Impact of high hydrostatic pressure on the cytokine profile and head and neck cancer cell behavior: implications for oncological safety.

Introduction: The devitalization of tissue using high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is an advanced method for processing tumor-infiltrated cartilage to treat tissue defects. This approach preserves the structural and biomechanical properties of the graft while effectively eliminating tumor cells. However, HHP induces the release of cytokines, which may influence the behavior of residual tumor cells in the surrounding tissue.

Effects of orolingual myofunctional therapy on snoring-a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Snoring often limits sleep quality and quality of life of the affected person. Effective therapies for snoring are scarce.

Aims/objectives: This prospective, randomized, controlled study aims to investigate the efficacy of an orolingual myofunctional therapy for the treatment of snoring.

[Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute mastoiditis in children - a multicentric study].

Already in 2021 it was reported, that the COVID-19 pandemic influences the incidence of acute mastoiditis in children. The goal of this multicenter cross-regional study was to collect and analyze a substantial pre-, peri- and postpandemic data set.Absolute case frequencies were inquired from six segments: epidemiology, medical history taking, spectrum of pathogens, course of disease, therapy, and imaging.

Cisplatin-Mediated IL-6 and IDO1 Suppression in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Implications for Tumor Microenvironment Modulation In Vitro.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) influence tumor biology and immunology by releasing cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Currently, cisplatin is an integral part of drug-based tumor therapy, for example, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Cisplatin treatment induces apoptosis as a primary mechanism of action; however, additional immunomodulatory effects of cisplatin are gaining interest.

Position Control of Flexible Electrodes With Regard to Intracochlear Structure Preservation and Hearing Outcomes: A Retrospective Study With Implementation of the Electrode Contact View.

Objective: To investigate complications related to electrode design, such as incomplete insertion, electrode tip fold-over (ETFO), and scalar deviation, and to evaluate hearing outcomes with a flexible 28-mm cochlear implant electrode.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Intraoperative Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) Measurement During Vibroplasty in Congenital Aural Malformation.

Objective: To determine the optimal coupling efficiency by auditory brainstem response (ABR) in patients with aural atresia undergoing vibroplasty to ensure optimal sound transmission and minimize the need for revision surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective data analysis.

Setting: Tertiary referral center with an established active middle ear implant program.

Improving Human Respiratory Mucosa Tissue Models with Polyamide 6 Scaffolds.

Advanced tissue-engineered respiratory models are essential for studying drug or cosmetic toxicity, infection biology and xenobiotic metabolism. Here, we investigated a polyamide 6 (PA6)-based electrospun stromal scaffold as a substitute for porcine-derived small intestinal submucosa (SIS) to build human airway mucosa tissue models at the air-liquid interface. We demonstrate that the porous PA6 scaffold supports extracellular matrix production by human nasal fibroblasts and facilitates the complete differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells to the mucociliary phenotype.

The floating mass transducer as a microphone-a pilot study.

Background: This study investigates the inverse use of the Vibrant Soundbridge® Floating Mass Transducer (FMT; MED-EL, Innsbruck, Austria) as a microphone in a pilot test. Should this be applicable, it would open up interesting application possibilities, e.g.

Influence of CT Radiation Dose and Field-of-View on Automatic Morphometry for Cochlear Implant Planning.

Introduction: In cochlear implantation (CI), precise preoperative cochlear duct length (CDL) and angular insertion depth (AID) measurements are pivotal for individualized electrode carrier selection, since recipients benefit from sufficient cochlear coverage of the electrode carrier, enabling electric stimulation of all crucial frequency bands. Since the quality of temporal bone CT largely depends on acquisition and reconstruction settings and is limited by the technical capabilities of the CT scanner, this study aims to assess how radiation dose and reconstruction field-of-view (FOV) affect automatic cochlear morphometry and electrode contact determination in conventional multislice CT.

Methods: Twenty fresh-frozen human petrous bone specimens were examined at three radiation dose levels (40, 20, and 10 mGy) using a multislice CT scanner.

[Rarely occurring or rarely diagnosed? Spasmodic dysphonia].

Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a rare, chronic voice disorder characterized by involuntary spasms of the laryngeal muscles, leading to disrupted voice quality. The disorder is classified as a type of focal dystonia. The laryngeal spasms cause the voice to break, tremble, or sound strained and can manifest as adductor SD, which results in a tight, strangled voice, or abductor SD, which produces a breathy, whisper-like sound.

Moderate Laryngeal Dysplasia in the Context of Classification Systems and Clinical Decision Making.

Objectives: Determining the prognosis of vocal fold leukoplakia remains challenging. The 2017 WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumors proposed a two-tier grading system for classifying laryngeal precursor lesions. This resulted in the upstaging of "moderate dysplasia" to "high-grade dysplasia.

[The Floating Mass Transducer as a microphone. German version].

Background: This study investigates the inverse use of the Vibrant Soundbridge® Floating Mass Transducer (FMT; MED-EL, Innsbruck, Austria) as a microphone in a pilot test. Should this be applicable, it would open up interesting application possibilities, e.g.

Characterization of irradiated mucosa using confocal laser endomicroscopy in the upper aerodigestive tract.

Purpose: Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) enables a real time in-vivo optical biopsy of the upper aerodigestive tract. Previous studies demonstrated its potential in identifying malignant tissue, but none examined mucosa treated with radiotherapy. This study characterizes the appearance of irradiated mucosa using CLE.

A Comparison of the Sticky Bone Obliteration Technique and Obliteration Using S53P4 Bioactive Glass After Canal Wall Down Ear Surgery: A Preliminary Study.

The aim of this study was to analyse the results of the mastoid obliteration technique with sticky bone (SB) and compare them with those obtained using bioactive glass S53P4 (BAG). This prospective preliminary study comprised 28 adults who underwent canal wall down (CWD) surgery using two mastoid obliterative techniques: SB ( = 21) or BAG ( = 7). The SB group was treated with the patients' own bone dust and injectable platelet rich fibrin (IPRF) ( = 13%) or bone dust, IPRF, and additionally allogenic lyophilised demineralised bone ( = 9%).

Somatostatin Receptor-Directed Theranostics in Esthesioneuroblastoma.

Background: We aim to report on somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-targeted molecular imaging and therapy in patients with advanced esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB).

Patients And Methods: Five patients with ENB [Kadish stage D in 5/5 (100%); Hyams grade 2 in 2/5 (40%), grade 3 in 2/5 (40%), undetermined in 1/5 (20%)] underwent SSTR-directed PET/CT. We quantified SSTR-avid tumor volume (TV), maximum SUV (SUV max ), and target-to-background ratios (TBR).

Pre- and Postoperative Imaging of Cochlear Implantation in Cadaveric Specimens Using Low-Dose Photon-Counting Detector CT.

Background And Purpose: Anatomically adapted cochlear implantation and efficient postoperative cochlear implant-fitting strategies benefit from reliable and highly detailed imaging techniques. Since image quality in CT is related to the applied radiation dose, this study aimed to evaluate low-dose cochlear imaging with a photon-counting detector by investigating the accuracy of pre- and postoperative cochlear analysis.

Materials And Methods: Photon-counting CT images of 10 temporal bone specimens were acquired with 3 different radiation dose levels (regular dose: 27.

Preconditioning with Wound Fluid Enhances Immunosuppressive Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro.

Immunosuppression is one key feature of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that has high expectations for therapeutic use. The influence of pro-inflammatory stimuli can modify the characteristics of MSCs and enhance immunosuppressive properties. The local postoperative environment contains cytokines, MSCs, and immune cells in high quantities, and their mutual influence is still unclear.

Preoperative Quality of Life in Patients with Small Vestibular Schwannomas.

Background: Vestibular schwannomas (VS) are benign tumors arising from the eighth cranial nerve. They often cause no symptoms for a long period of time. Due to the improved availability and quality of magnetic resonance imaging diagnostics, even small tumors can be diagnosed at an early stage.

The Impact of NO on Epithelial Barrier Integrity of a Primary Cell-Based Air-Liquid Interface Model of the Nasal Respiratory Epithelium.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO) is a pervasive gaseous air pollutant with well-documented hazardous effects on health, necessitating precise toxicological characterization. While prior research has primarily focused on lower airway structures, the upper airways, serving as the first line of defense against airborne substances, remain understudied. This study aimed to investigate the functional effects of NO exposure alone or in combination with hypoxia as a secondary stimulus on nasal epithelium and elucidate its molecular mechanisms because hypoxia is considered a pathophysiological factor in the onset and persistence of chronic rhinosinusitis, a disease of the upper airways.

Improved radiological imaging of congenital aural atresia using flat-panel volume CT.

Background: Precise preoperative radiological evaluation of aural atresia is of utmost importance for surgical planning. Until now, multislice computed tomography (MSCT) has been used but it cannot adequately visualize small structures such as the stapes. Flat-panel volume CT (fpVCT) with its secondary reconstructions (fpVCT) offers a high-resolution visualization of the middle ear.

Impact of Hypoxia and the Levels of Transcription Factor HIF-1α and JMJD1A on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines.

Background/aim: This study aimed to assess the impact of hypoxia on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), focusing on the involvement of transcription factors hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1α) and Jumonji Domain-Containing Protein 1A (JMJD1A).

Materials And Methods: FaDu and Cal33 cell lines were subjected to hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Cell proliferation was quantified electronically, while PCR and western blot analyses were used to measure mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1α, JMJD1A, and EMT markers.

[Overview of the ASCO 2024 data on head and neck surgery].

At the 2024 international cancer congress of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), studies on immuno-oncological therapeutic approaches for head and neck cancers once again took center stage. Following the trend of recent years, neoadjuvant immunotherapy has now reached a central role, and purely surgical studies have become increasingly scarce. This review article summarizes abstracts presented at the 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting that focus on surgical therapy or in which surgery was a significant component of the study protocol.

Anatomy-based fitting improves speech perception in noise for cochlear implant recipients with single-sided deafness.

Objective: To evaluate objective and subjective hearing outcomes in experienced cochlear implant users with single sided deafness (SSD CI) who used fitting maps created via anatomy-based fitting (ABF) and clinically-based fitting (CBF).

Participants: Twelve SSD CI users with postlingual hearing loss.

Intervention: OTOPLAN (Version 3.