Protective role of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and hydroxytoluene (BHT) against oxidative stress-induced inflammatory response in carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatorenal toxicity.

Background: Any toxicity initially damages the hepatic system, followed by renal dysfunction. Previously, it was established that carbon tetrachloride (CCl) intoxication severely damaged hepatocytes. Moreover, CCl-mediated toxicity significantly impacted immune functions and influenced the inflammatory response, with mitochondrial dysfunction.

Analyzing musculoskeletal risk prevalence among railway track maintainers: an analysis of health risk assessment in India.

Railway track maintenance is one of the essential tasks for the Indian railway, where millions of workers have musculoskeletal disorders. The main aim of the present investigation is to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). .

Habit-induced oral lesions in different occupations: A comparative study among people between geographical different places of West Bengal.

Introduction: Like general health, oral health also depends upon their occupational environment and occupational health policies. Workplace exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and its harmful effect is well known. The consumption of tobacco, arecanut, and alcohol is the leading preventable cause for development of oral potentially malignant disorders.

Metformin instigates cellular autophagy to ameliorate high-fat diet-induced pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis/EMT in mice.

Background: Chronic pancreatic dysfunction is frequently observed as a consequence of prolonged high-fat diet consumption and is a serious public health concern. This pro-diabetic insult aggravates inflammation-influenced fibrotic lesions and is associated with deregulated autophagy. Metformin, a conventional anti-hyperglycemic drug, might be beneficial for pancreatic health, but the complex molecular regulations are not clarified.

Cancer causing chewing habits and related oral lesions - A comparative study among females of socio-culturally different areas of West Bengal.

Background: Smokeless tobacco, as well as areca-nut both, causes cancerous and precancerous lesions of the oral cavity. The traditional value of India, as well as West Bengal do not allow females for smoking, but there is no such disapproval for using smokeless tobacco or areca nut. Geographically and socio-culturally, the Northern part of West Bengal differs from its Southern part.

The effects of using an ergonomic aid on the physical workload and body discomfort reported by pre-adolescent farmers in West Bengal, India.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the major health hazards among farmers. Pre-adolescents are mainly associated with agricultural work due to poor socioeconomic conditions.

Objectives: This study aims to implement a new ergonomics aid for the betterment of job procedures and improvement of productivity, health, and safety of the preadolescent farmers.

Smokeless tobacco use and related oral mucosal changes in Bengali Women.

Background: Tobacco use is called the single most cause of preventable cause of death all over the world. The various study confirmed that smokeless tobacco use is directly related to oral cancer and pre-cancer. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use varies widely in different countries and states based on age group, gender, with varied socioeconomic, cultural and educational backgrounds.

Occupational agricultural injuries among the preadolescent workers of West Bengal, India.

Introduction: Agricultural injuries are an important factor in mortality and morbidity for populations of preadolescents globally. Working preadolescents in agricultural sector are exposed to occupational risks and injury in India.

Objective: This study mainly assesses the nature of injuries among the preadolescent agricultural workers of West Bengal, India.

Hepatoprotective effect of food preservatives (butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene) on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rat.

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl), a hepatotoxic agent is widely used to study the toxic mechanisms in experimental animals. This study was carried out to establish the hepatoprotective measures of food preservative antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytolune (BHA, BHT) when mixed with food towards carbon tetrachloride (CCl) intoxication (230 mg/ kg b wt/rat/day) in rat. Biochemical markers like serum glutamate pyruvate tranaminase (AST), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin content, antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, GPx, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as the end product of lipid peroxidanion were measured.

Examination of postures and frequency of musculoskeletal disorders among manual workers in Calcutta, India.

Background: Manual material handling (MMH) activities require workers to adopt various awkward postures leading to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD).

Objectives: To investigate the postures adopted during heavy load handling and the frequency of MSDs among MMH workers in Calcutta, India.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 100 MMH workers.

Impact of rest breaks on musculoskeletal discomfort of Chikan embroiderers of West Bengal, India: a follow up field study.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine risk factors that predict musculoskeletal discomfort in Chikan embroiderers of West Bengal, India, and to compare the effect of two rest break schedules to reduce these symptoms.

Methods: The Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was performed on 400 Chikan embroiderers at baseline containing questions on job autonomy, working behavior, and work stress factors. Relative risk was calculated to identify prognostic factors for musculoskeletal discomfort in different body regions.

Is There an Economic Case for Training Intervention in the Manual Material Handling Sector of Developing Countries?

Objective: To estimate cost-effectiveness ratios and net costs of a training intervention to reduce morbidity among porters who carry loads without mechanical assistance in a developing country informal sector setting.

Methods: Pre- and post-intervention survey data (n = 100) were collected in a prospective study: differences in physical/mental composite scores and pain scale scores were computed. Costs and economic benefits of the intervention were monetized with a net-cost model.

An ergonomics study on the evaluation of carpal tunnel syndrome among Chikan embroidery workers of West Bengal, India.

Background: Chikan embroidery is a popular handicraft in India that involves hand-intensive stitching while seated in a static posture with the upper back curved and the head bent over the fabric. Women perform most Chikan embroidery.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the repetitive nature of this work among female Chikan embroiderers by measuring the prevalence of upper extremity discomfort and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Prevalence of low back pain among handloom weavers in West Bengal, India.

Background: Handloom is one of the oldest industries in India, particularly in West Bengal, where a considerable number of rural people are engaged in weaving.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of low back pain among the handloom weavers in India.

Methods: A modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorder Questionnaire and Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire along with a body part discomfort scale were administered to handloom weavers (n = 175).

Design and evaluation of ergonomic interventions for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in India.

Background: Improper workstation, work procedures and tools are found to be the risk factors for the development of musculoskeletal disorders among the informal sector workers of the developing countries. Low cost ergonomic interventions can effectively improve such adverse conditions.

Case Presentation: In the present article some studies related to design interventions in different informal and agricultural sectors were discussed and their efficacies were analyzed.

Prevalence of respiratory symptoms and disorders among rice mill workers in India.

Objectives: Lung function tests have become an integral part of assessment of pulmonary disease. Diseases of the respiratory system induced by occupational dusts are influenced by the duration of exposure. The aim of the study is to investigate the impairment of lung function and prevalence of respiratory symptoms among the rice mill workers.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and occupational health problems among groundnut farmers of West Bengal, India.

The main aim of the study was to determine the nature and extent of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and physiological and thermal working stress among the groundnut farmers. In the present investigation, eighty-five groundnut farmers were recruited from the villages of Tarakeswar of West Bengal, India. Eighty-five control office workers were also selected as a control group.

Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders among Indian tabla players.

Playing a percussion instrument demands great force and effort, which may make percussionists prone to playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs). Of all of the percussion instruments in India, tabla is the most popular. The present study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of discomforts among professional tabla players.

Child work in agriculture in West Bengal, India: assessment of musculoskeletal disorders and occupational health problems.

Objective: Children are universally considered to be the most important asset for any nation. The main aims of the present study were 1) to investigate the causation of discomfort related to working postures 2) to assess the physiological strain among the child farmers and 3) to assess the thermal stress during work in an agricultural field.

Methods: For this study, 120 child agricultural workers and 120 control subjects aged 10-16 years were selected randomly, and a detailed posture analysis was performed among them by REBA and OWAS methods.

Assessment of ergonomic and occupational health-related problems among female prawn seed collectors of Sunderbans, West Bengal, India.

Sixty female prawn seed collectors and 60 female control subjects from Sajenakhali and Sandeshkhali blocks of Sunderbans, West Bengal, India, were randomly selected to evaluate and compare musculoskeletal disorders and physiological stress. The control group was engaged in domestic work involving minimum hand intensive activities. The modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire and rapid entire body assessment were used.

An ergonomics study on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among Indian bus conductors.

This study was undertaken among 100 randomly selected bus conductors from 2 routes. A questionnaire study based on the modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire, assessment of physical and physiological parameters, analysis of working postures and a detailed work study were performed. The analysis revealed that conductors had a work schedule of 16-18 h each day; the duration of work could vary from 15 to 20 days at a stretch.

Effect of an ergonomic intervention on muscle fatigue and respiratory stress of goldsmiths during blowing pipe activity in India.

Objective: One of the main activities of the goldsmiths is Blowing Pipe. The blowpipe is to expand and shape the gold beads by means of positive pressure produced by careful, controlled oral expiration. Objective of this study was to assess the effect of ergonomic intervention on facial muscle fatigue and respiratory stress of goldsmiths to continue their work.

A comparative ergonomic study of work-related upper extremity musculo skeletal disorder among the unskilled and skilled surgical blacksmiths in West Bengal, India.

Objective: The main aim of the study was to determine the nature and extent of work-related upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and physiological stress among the blacksmiths involved in surgical instrument industry.

Materials And Methods: In the present investigation, 50 male blacksmiths of each skilled and unskilled groups of the forging section had been selected. For the symptom survey, a questionnaire on discomfort symptoms was performed.