Lactate secreted by cervical cancer cells modulates macrophage phenotype.

Cervical cancer continues to be a public health problem in developing countries. Previous studies have shown that cervical cancer cells display markers of aerobic glycolysis, indicating that these tumors are likely to secrete lactate. Mostly, lactate is recognized as a molecule capable of suppressing immune responses, through inhibition of T cells, Mϕs, and dendritic cells.

Modulation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAM) Phenotype by Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) Receptor.

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several types of tumors. The biological effects of PAF are mediated by the PAF receptor (PAFR), which can be expressed by tumor cells and host cells that infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. In the present study, we investigated the role of PAFR expressed by leukocytes that infiltrate two types of tumors, one that expresses PAFR (TC-1 carcinoma) and another that does not express the receptor (B16F10 melanoma) implanted in mice that express the receptor or not (PAFR KO).

HPV associated tumor cells control tumor microenvironment and leukocytosis in experimental models.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main etiological factor for cervical cancer development. HPV is also associated with other anogenital and oropharyngeal tumors. HPV associated tumors are frequent and constitute a public health problem, mainly in developing countries.

HPV16-associated tumors control myeloid cell homeostasis in lymphoid organs, generating a suppressor environment for T cells.

Tumors are complex structures containing different types of cells and molecules. The importance of the tumor microenvironment in tumor progression, growth, and maintenance is well-established. However, tumor effects are not restricted to the tumor microenvironment.

Generation and characterization of new HER2 monoclonal antibodies.

Antibodies are among the most commonly used research and diagnostic tools. Antibody type and clonality are important in any assay as they can influence epitope detection. HER2 oncoprotein is overexpressed or undergoes gene amplification in approximately 30% of invasive breast carcinomas and 20% of gastric adenocarcinomas.