EEG changes induced by dopamine replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease with impulse control disorders.

Objectives: Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are a common complication in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients undergoing dopaminergic therapy. Although neurophysiological markers of ICDs have been identified, the effect of dopaminergic therapy on these markers is not fully understood. This study investigates the effect of dopaminergic therapy on EEG oscillatory activity in PD patients with and without ICDs.

Management of Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Anxiety is a common, distressing, hard-to-diagnose and hard-to-treat symptom in Parkinson's disease. No formal guidelines exist to assist management.

Objective: We provide a pragmatic guide to detecting and managing anxiety in Parkinson's disease.

Protocol and Demographics of the RELY-CD Study: Assessing Long-Term Clinical Response to Botulinum Neurotoxin in Cervical Dystonia.

The RELY-CD study investigated the long-term clinical response to botulinum neurotoxin type A in cervical dystonia within a multicenter, real-world setting. This retrospective study focused on patients treated with complex-free (incobotulinumtoxinA) and complex-containing (onabotulinumtoxinA and abobotulinumtoxinA) BoNT/A formulations over an up to 10-year period. The novel dose-effect parameter "DEff" was introduced to quantify the relationship between dose adjustments and clinical outcomes, enabling the identification of partial treatment failures.

Heterogeneity of cognitive progression and clinical predictors in Parkinson's disease-subjective cognitive decline.

Background: Parkinson’s Disease (PD)-associated subjective cognitive decline (PDSCD) is defined as cognitive complaints without objective cognitive impairment. Based on most studies, it is associated with a greater risk of cognitive decline and may represent a prodromal stage of cognitive impairment.

Methods: The main objectives are to identify cognitive progression patterns and clinical predictors of worse cognitive decline within a large PD-SCD cohort with a 4-year followup.

Dysphagia in Parkinson´s disease. A 5-year follow-up study.

Background And Objective: Dysphagia at time of diagnosis suggests atypical parkinsonism instead Parkinson´s disease (PD). Our aim was to analyze the frequency of dysphagia in patients with early PD comparing with a control group and to identify related factors.

Patients And Methods: Patients with early PD (≤ 2 years from symptoms onset) who were recruited from January/2016 to November/2017 (baseline visit; V0) and evaluated annually for 5 years from the Spanish cohort COPPADIS were included in this prospective study.

Imaging biomarkers of cortical neurodegeneration underlying cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.

Purpose: Imaging biomarkers bear great promise for improving the diagnosis and prognosis of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). We compared the ability of three commonly used neuroimaging modalities to detect cortical changes in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and dementia (PDD).

Methods: 53 cognitively normal PD patients (PD-CN), 32 PD-MCI, and 35 PDD underwent concurrent structural MRI (sMRI), diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI), and [F]FDG PET.

Cortical hypometabolism in Parkinson's disease is linked to cholinergic basal forebrain atrophy.

Cortical hypometabolism on FDG-PET is a well-established neuroimaging biomarker of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD), but its pathophysiologic origins are incompletely understood. Cholinergic basal forebrain (cBF) degeneration is a prominent pathological feature of PD-related cognitive impairment and may contribute to cortical hypometabolism through cholinergic denervation of cortical projection areas. Here, we investigated in-vivo associations between subregional cBF volumes on 3T-MRI, cortical hypometabolism on [F]FDG-PET, and cognitive deficits in a cohort of 95 PD participants with varying degrees of cognitive impairment.

Understanding Parkinson disease in Spain: Genetic and clinical insights.

Background And Purpose: Parkinson disease (PD) is a complex and heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, determined by a complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. This study aimed to investigate genetic variants associated with PD and assess their impact on the disease phenotype through genotype-phenotype correlations.

Methods: We employed a targeted resequencing panel to analyze 27 genes linked to PD in a cohort of 1185 PD patients from southern Spain.

Peripheral immune profile and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in progressive supranuclear palsy: Case-control study and meta-analysis.

Background And Purpose: Peripheral inflammation is probably involved in the pathogenesis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and it may be a common feature with Parkinson's disease (PD). The peripheral immune profile in PSP remains unclear, as well as whether the inflammatory pathways differ from those in PD. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been proven to be a well-established biomarker of systemic inflammation.

Combined Physiotherapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Functional Movement Disorders: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Functional movement disorders (FMDs) are frequent and disabling neurological disorders with a substantial socioeconomic impact. Few randomized studies have analyzed the effectiveness of combined physiotherapy and psychotherapy in patients' quality of life.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of multidisciplinary treatment (physiotherapy plus cognitive behavioral therapy) in FMDs.

Role of ATP10B in Parkinson disease in a cohort from southern Spain.

The ATP10B gene has been proposed to play an important role in the development of early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). Nevertheless, various studies have presented controversial conclusions regarding the involvement of this gene in PD. Here, we screened 1162 patients with PD, employing a targeted resequencing approach to investigate the putative relevance of this gene in a large independent cohort of these patients from southern Spain.

Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias are Frequent and Impact Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease: A 5-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background: Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) are frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: To analyze the change in the frequency of LID over time, identify LID related factors, and characterize how LID impact on patients' quality of life (QoL).

Patients And Methods: PD patients from the 5-year follow-up COPPADIS cohort were included.

Large-Scale Screening: Phenotypic and Mutational Spectrum in Isolated and Combined Dystonia Genes.

Background: Pathogenic variants in several genes have been linked to genetic forms of isolated or combined dystonia. The phenotypic and genetic spectrum and the frequency of pathogenic variants in these genes have not yet been fully elucidated, neither in patients with dystonia nor with other, sometimes co-occurring movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objectives: To screen >2000 patients with dystonia or PD for rare variants in known dystonia-causing genes.

Staging Parkinson's disease according to the MNCD classification correlates with caregiver burden.

Background And Objective: Recently, we demonstrated that staging Parkinson's disease (PD) with a novel simple classification called MNCD, based on four axes (motor, non-motor, cognition, and dependency) and five stages, correlated with disease severity and patients' quality of life. Here, we analyzed the correlation of MNCD staging with PD caregiver's status.

Patients And Methods: Data from the baseline visit of PD patients and their principal caregiver recruited from 35 centers in Spain from the COPPADIS cohort from January 2016 to November 2017 were used to apply the MNCD total score (from 0 to 12) and MNCD stages (from 1 to 5) in this cross-sectional analysis.

Response to levodopa in Parkinson's disease over time. A 4-year follow-up study.

Background And Objective: A good response to levodopa is a key factor to indicate device-aided therapies in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). The aim of the present study was to analyze the response to levodopa in PwPD with motor fluctuations followed for 4 years.

Patients And Methods: PwPD with motor fluctuations recruited from January 2016 to November 2017 from the COPPADIS cohort and assessed annually (from baseline to 4-year follow-up) during the OFF and ON states were included in this analysis.

Cognitive impairment and dementia in young onset Parkinson's disease.

Background And Objective: Patients with young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) have a slower progression. Our aim was to analyze the change in cognitive function in YOPD compared to patients with a later onset and controls.

Patients And Methods: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls from the COPPADIS cohort were included.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Drooling in Parkinson's Disease: Results from a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort and Comparison with a Control Group.

Introduction: Drooling in Parkinson's disease (PD) is frequent but often goes underrecognized. Our aim was to examine the prevalence of drooling in a PD cohort and compare it with a control group. Specifically, we identified factors associated with drooling and conducted subanalyses in a subgroup of very early PD patients.

Peripheral Inflammation Is Associated with Dopaminergic Degeneration in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Peripheral inflammatory immune responses are suggested to play a major role in dopaminergic degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a well-established biomarker of systemic inflammation in PD. Degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system can be assessed in vivo using [ I]FP-CIT single photon emission computed tomography imaging of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) density.

Staging Parkinson's Disease According to the MNCD (Motor/Non-motor/Cognition/Dependency) Classification Correlates with Disease Severity and Quality of Life.

Background: Recently, a novel simple classification called MNCD, based on 4 axes (Motor; Non-motor; Cognition; Dependency) and 5 stages, has been proposed to classify Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: Our aim was to apply the MNCD classification in a cohort of PD patients for the first time and also to analyze the correlation with quality of life (QoL) and disease severity.

Methods: Data from the baseline visit of PD patients recruited from 35 centers in Spain from the COPPADIS cohort fromJanuary 2016 to November 2017 were used to apply the MNCD classification.

Sex Differences in Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms among Spanish Patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Background And Objective: Sex plays a role in Parkinson's disease (PD) mechanisms. We analyzed sex difference manifestations among Spanish patients with PD.

Patients And Methods: PD patients who were recruited from the Spanish cohort COPPADIS from January 2016 to November 2017 were included.

Peripheral inflammatory immune response differs among sporadic and familial Parkinson's disease.

Peripheral inflammatory immune responses are thought to play a major role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a biomarker of systemic inflammation, has been reported to be higher in patients with PD than in healthy controls (HCs). The present study was aimed at determining if the peripheral inflammatory immune response could be influenced by the genetic background of patients with PD.