miR‑199a‑3p/Sp1/LDHA axis controls aerobic glycolysis in testicular tumor cells.

Aerobic glycolysis is one of the characteristics of tumor metabolism and contributes to the development of tumors. Studies have identified that microRNA (miRNA/miR) serves an important role in glucose metabolism of tumors. miR‑199a‑3p is a member of the miR‑199a family that controls the outcomes of cell survival and death processes, and previous studies have indicated that the expression of miR‑199a‑3p is low and may be an inhibitor in several cancer types, including testicular tumors.