Response rates, survival status and adverse events of placebo in randomized control trials for hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis.

Background: In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the placebo arm has often been ignored as the attention tends to be focused on the treatment arm. We undertook a meta-analysis based on the data from the placebo arm in RCTs of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the response rates and survival status, and adverse events (AEs) were summarized and evaluated.

Aim: To systematically evaluate the response rates, survival status and AEs in the placebo arms of RCTs for HCC.

Perioperative changes of serum orphanin in diabetic patients and its relationship with sympathetic nervous system.

The occurrence of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients during the perioperative period is related to the activation of sympathetic nerves. Basic research shows that serum nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) levels in diabetic neuropathy rats increased, and N/OFQ reduces the release of norepinephrine (NE). We hypothesize that N/OFQ will affect the sympathetic nervous system during perioperative myocardium of diabetic patients.