Extruded nanovesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells exhibit No tumorigenic potential.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC EVs) have gained significant attention in biomedical and therapeutic applications. Nevertheless, their translation in clinical practice remains limited due to the lack of scalable manufacturing techniques and the prevailing safety concerns. Cell-derived extruded nanovesicles (eNVs) with high production efficiency are regarded as promising substitutes of EVs.

Mimicking the process from secretory vesicles to organelles in eukaryotic cell evolution by clustering enzyme-liposomes in artificial cells.

Eukaryotic cells exhibit complex multicompartmentalized structures that optimize enzymatic efficiency as a result of continuous evolution. Inspired by this, we developed artificial cell models mimicking the evolutionary process from secretory vesicles to organelles using liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). An aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) enabled the creation of membrane-less compartments encapsulating liposomes loaded with glucose oxidase (GOx) and myoglobin (Mb).

A Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Inspiring Microscale System for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) is an emerging cancer immunotherapy undergoing clinical evaluation, showing significant promise in the treatment of solid tumors. However, the clinical translation of ACT is hindered by its time-, labor-, and financial-consuming procedures, heterogeneity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Herein, we have developed a bionic cytotoxic T lymphocyte-inspiring microscale system (CTLiMS) composed of mesoporous silica dioxide microspheres containing membrane-disrupting boron clusters (BICs) and proapoptotic monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) peptides.

A Spatially Distributed Microneedle System for Bioorthogonal T Cell-Guided Cancer Therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy represents a promising strategy for cancer treatment. However, the diversity of solid tumor antigens and the poor infiltration of CAR-T cells significantly hinder the efficacy of CAR-T therapies against tumors. Here, a spatially distributed microneedle system (SDMNS) is developed that leverages bioorthogonal reactions to activate and guide endogenous T cells to tumors for effective destruction.

Lipidomic analysis of plant-derived extracellular vesicles for guidance of potential anti-cancer therapy.

Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) have been regarded as a superior source for nanomedicine and drug delivery systems. Nevertheless, their clinical translation is hindered by the lack of clarity and even contradiction in their biomedical applications. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive compositional analysis of four commonly used PEVs to fully understand their functional lipid contents and assess their potential therapeutic applications.