Advanced therapeutic scaffolds of biomimetic periosteum for functional bone regeneration.

Treating chronic bone injuries and defects remains a significant challenge in orthopedic medicine, impacting patient mobility, recovery time, and healthcare costs. The periosteum, a specialized, vascularized connective tissue covering the outer bone surface, plays a crucial role in osteogenesis and skeletal repair. While regenerating the periosteum is critical to restoring bone structure and function, current treatments face substantial limitations, including limited donor tissue availability, donor site complications, and the risk of immunological rejection.

Push-and-Pull Nanotherapeutics for Osteoarthritis with Drug Delivery and Dual Scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species and Cell-Free DNA.

Osteoarthritis involves complex inflammatory responses, leading to cell death and joint dysfunction. Key contributors are pro-inflammatory molecules, such as excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA), which require effective scavenging. Concurrently, delivering anti-inflammatory agents can stimulate immune cells to restore tissue repair by resolving inflammation.