Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide in Obesity Management and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The global prevalence of obesity and its related complications continue to rise, emphasising the need for effective treatment strategies. Tirzepatide, a novel glucagon-like peptide-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide dual agonist, has emerged as a promising pharmacological option in obesity management due to its potential in weight reduction and cardiometabolic improvement. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines, including randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy and safety of Tirzepatide with placebo in adults with obesity, with or without type 2 diabetes.

Raloxifene as an Adjuvant Therapy for Patients With Schizophrenia: An Up-To-Date Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Hypothesis: Raloxifene may be useful as an adjunctive treatment for schizophrenia, particularly in addressing psychotic symptoms. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of adjunctive raloxifene in improving positive, negative, and general psychopathology symptoms, as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).

Study Design: A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases for articles published until May 2024.

The Optimal Dosage and Duration of Metformin for Prevention and Treatment of Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Weight gain and metabolic complications are substantial adverse effects associated with second-generation antipsychotics. However, comprehensive guidelines for managing antipsychotic-induced weight gain are lacking.

Methods: This review included all double-blind, placebo-controlled studies investigating metformin's effectiveness in addressing antipsychotic-related weight gain.

Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine for patients with depression: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Results on whether N-acetylcysteine (NAC) ameliorates depression in patients with psychiatric problems, such as bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, remain inconsistent, and several new studies have recently been published. Thus, we conducted an uptodated meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of NAC against depression.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials where NAC was used to treat depression.

Statins as an adjuvant therapy for patients with schizophrenia: An up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Evidence suggests that inflammatory processes play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Statins exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and may be effective in improving the symptoms of schizophrenia. This study explored whether statins, as an adjunctive therapy, can alleviate the symptoms of schizophrenia.

Correction: Huang et al. Systemic Anticoagulation and Inpatient Outcomes of Pancreatic Cancer: Real-World Evidence from U.S. Nationwide Inpatient Sample. 2023, , 1985.

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The effects of incretin-based therapies on weight reduction and metabolic parameters in children with obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Growing evidence indicates that incretin-based therapies (IBTs), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4is) are effective and safe for treating pediatric obesity patients with or without type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis for updating current evidence.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the EMBASE database for articles published until September 15, 2023, and limited to randomized control trials.

Efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads combined with systemic chemotherapy and targeted therapy in colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Background: Systemic therapy is the standard treatment for unresectable colorectal cancer with liver metastasis (CRCLM). Transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads (DEB-TACE) is considered an effective treatment option for CRCLM. Few studies have investigated the combination of DEB-TACE, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy for CRCLM.

Systemic Anticoagulation and Inpatient Outcomes of Pancreatic Cancer: Real-World Evidence from U.S. Nationwide Inpatient Sample.

Pancreatic cancer can induce a hypercoagulable state which may lead to clinically apparent thrombosis. However, the effect of anticoagulants remains ambiguous. This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of long-term systemic anticoagulant usage on hospitalization outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer.

Noise-induced hearing loss profile among Taiwan Airforce on duty pilots.

Purpose: Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) often results in impaired functional hearing and accidental injuries; thus, reducing military performance and endangering flight safety. While a few studies addressing laterality (left-right ear differences) and NIHL incidence between fixed-winged (jet-fighter) and rotary-wing (helicopter) aircrafts yielded inconsistent results, little is known about the NIHL profile among different types of jet-fighter pilots. This study aims to conduct a fine-grained examination of NIHL among Airforce jet pilots, with planned comparisons of laterality and aircraft type, along with the goal to compare the sensitivity of different hearing indices in predicting military pilot NIHL.

Disulfiram/Copper Suppresses Cancer Stem Cell Activity in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Cells by Inhibiting BMI1 Expression.

Differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs), which have papillary and follicular types, are common endocrine malignancies worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a particular type of cancer cells within bulk tumors involved in cancer initiation, drug resistance, and metastasis. Cells with high intracellular aldehyde hydrogenase (ALDH) activity are a population of CSCs in DTCs.

Comparison of SbO and SbO/SiO Double Stacked pH Sensing Membrane Applied in Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor Structure.

In this study, electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) capacitors with SbO/SiO double stacked sensing membranes were fabricated with pH sensing capability. The results indicate that SbO/SiO double stacked membranes with appropriate annealing had better material quality and sensing performance than SbO membranes did. To investigate the influence of double stack and annealing, multiple material characterizations and sensing measurements on membranes including of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were conducted.

The Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise Combined With an Isocaloric High-Fructose Diet on Osteoporosis and Immunomodulation in Ovariectomized Mice.

Background: Osteoporosis and immune-associated disorders are highly prevalent among menopausal women, and diet control and exercise exert beneficial effects on physiological modulation in this population. A controlled diet with a low fat content and a balanced caloric intake improves menopausal health, but the health effects of excessive fructose consumption on menopausal women are yet to be confirmed. In addition, whole-body vibration (WBV), a safe passive-training method, has been shown to have multiple beneficial effects on metabolism regulation, obesity, and bone health.

Influence of Y Doping on WO Membranes Applied in Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor Structures.

In this paper, tungsten oxide (WO) is deposited on a silicon substrate applied in electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor structures for pH sensing devices. To boost the sensing performance, yttrium (Y) is doped into WO membranes, and annealing is incorporated in the fabrication process. To investigate the effects of Y doping and annealing, multiple material characterizations including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atom force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are performed.

Comparison of NH and NO Plasma Treatments on BiO Sensing Membranes Applied in an Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor Structure.

In this study, bismuth trioxide (BiO) membranes in an electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) structure were fabricated with pH sensing capability. To optimize the sensing performance, the membranes were treated with two types of plasma-NH and NO. To investigate the material property improvements, multiple material characterizations were conducted.

The experience of use of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainages for early biliary complications after liver transplantation.

This study aimed to describe our experience and discuss the results, controversies, and the use of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) in patients with biliary complications after liver transplantation (LT). Between November 2009 and August 2020, 76 consecutive patients who underwent 77 LTs (44 deceased donor LTs and 33 living donor LTs [LDLT]) were enrolled retrospectively. Endoscopic therapy as initial approach and PTBD as rescue therapy were used for patients with biliary complications.

Comparison of Magnesium and Titanium Doping on Material Properties and pH Sensing Performance on SbO Membranes in Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor Structure.

In this research, electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) capacitors with SbO sensing membranes were fabricated. The results indicate that Mg doping and Ti-doped SbO membranes with appropriate annealing had improved material quality and sensing performance. Multiple material characterizations and sensing measurements of Mg-doped and Ti doping on SbO sensing membranes were conducted, including of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Shikonin Induced Program Cell Death through Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Renal Cancer Cells.

Shikonin mitigated tumor cell proliferation by elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Herein, we investigated the effects of shikonin on renal cancer cell (RCC) cell proliferation. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated that shikonin dose-dependently reduced the proliferation of Caki-1 and ACHN cells.

The Ginsenoside Rg Rescues Mitochondrial Disorders in Aristolochic Acid-Induced Nephropathic Mice.

Chronic exposure to aristolochic acid (AA) leads to renal interstitial fibrosis and nephropathy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the renoprotective effects of extract (GE) and ginsenoside saponin (GS) on AA-induced nephropathy (AAN) in mice. Eighty female C3H/He mice were randomly divided into eight groups, including normal; AA (3 μg/mL for 56 days); AA with GE (125, 250, or 500 mg/kg/d for 14 days); and AA with important GE ingredients, Rg, Rb, or Rd (5 mg/kg/d for 14 days).

Intracardiac Migration of the Ureteral Double-J Stent during Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

The complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) include hemorrhage, damage to adjuvant organs, and other medical issues, although intracardiac migration of ureteral double-J stent has never been found during PNL and delaying the diagnosis might cause mortality. We report the case of a 60-year-old male who was admitted to receive one-stage PNL for right renal stones. During operation, an unexpected atrial fibrillation with a drop in blood pressure was suddenly encountered and the chest X-ray subsequently showed that the ureteral double-J had penetrated deep into the heart.

Nerolidol inhibits proliferation of leiomyoma cells via reactive oxygen species-induced DNA damage and downregulation of the ATM/Akt pathway.

Nerolidol (3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol), a sesquiterpene alcohol present in aromatic essential oils of numerous plants, has been reported to possess anticancer activity. The potential therapeutic effect of nerolidol on uterine fibroids (UF), the most common benign tumor of the uterus worldwide, is unknown. In this study, we examined the anti-UF potential of nerolidol in ELT3 cells, a rat leiomyoma cell line widely used as an in vitro model, to identify the potential therapeutic agents for UF.

Effects of various statins on depressive symptoms: A network meta-analysis.

Background: Previous studies have indicated that statins can reduce the severity of depressive symptoms. However, the optimal choice of statin remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a network meta-analysis to determine the optimal statin for treating depression.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Establishment of an Association Model between Metabolic Syndrome, TCM Constitution, and the Guidance of Medicated Diet Care.

Background: This study conducted exploratory research using artificial intelligence methods. The main purpose of this study is to establish an association model between metabolic syndrome and the TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) constitution using the characteristics of individual physical examination data and to provide guidance for medicated diet care.

Methods: Basic demographic and laboratory data were collected from a regional hospital health examination database in northern Taiwan, and artificial intelligence algorithms, such as logistic regression, Bayesian network, and decision tree, were used to analyze and construct the association model between metabolic syndrome and the TCM constitution.