Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines Update for the Role of Imaging in the Management of Patients With Vestibular Schwannomas.

Background: Imaging is a critical aspect of vestibular schwannoma (VS) management, influencing essentially every aspect of care including diagnosis, surveillance, treatment decision making, and follow-up after either resection or stereotactic radiosurgery. Despite this, treatment protocols are heterogeneous, and frequently based on historical practices, or low-quality evidence.

Objective: To update evidence-based guidelines for the use of imaging in the clinical management of patients with VS published by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons in 2018.

Clinical Research Primer for Medical Students: Behind the Curtain, a Framework on Peer Review for Trainees.

Academic scholarship is an increasingly emphasized component of undergraduate medical education (UME), in particular since the USMLE Step 1 examination transitioned to a pass/fail grading scheme in 2022. Peer review is a cornerstone of academic publishing, but essentially no formal training exists at the UME or graduate medical education levels to prepare trainees for participation in the process as authors or reviewers. This clinical research primer presents an introductory set of guidelines and pearls to empower trainee participation in the peer-review process as both authors and reviewers.

Cavernous malformations of the optic nerve and chiasm: illustrative case.

Background: Cavernous malformations (CMs) of the optic pathway are rare. In this report, the authors describe a case of a CM affecting bilateral optic nerves that was managed surgically. Additionally, they provide an updated review of the literature focused on the clinical presentation, management, and postoperative outcomes related to this uncommon pathology.

Adult Cerebellopontine Angle Medulloblastoma: A Systematic Review of Clinical Features, Management Approaches, and Patient Outcomes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically review the existing individual patient data in the literature on adult cerebellopontine angle (CPA) medulloblastoma (MB) and characterize the patient presentation, management strategies used, and oncological outcomes of this rare entity to guide future clinical practice.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from inception to 19 June 2024. Studies regarding adult patients with histologically confirmed MB radiographically confirmed to be located in the CPA were included.

Povidone-iodine-induced scalp lesions in pediatric neurosurgery patients: a case series.

Purpose: Povidone-iodine, or Betadine® (Atlantis Consumer Healthcare Inc., Bridgewater, NJ), is a commonly used agent for surgical site preparation. Although commonly used, it carries the risk of skin reactions, and multiple cases of intra-operative contact dermatitis and chemical burns have been reported.

Spontaneous resolution of traumatic cervical epidural hematoma: illustrative case.

Background: Cervical epidural hematomas are rare and can arise for many reasons. Patients typically present with pain and/or symptoms of spinal cord compression. Prompt surgical decompression is typically pursued when deficits are present in an effort to improve long-term neurological outcomes.

Bilateral cerebellopontine angle lipomas in an infant with encephalocele: illustrative case.

Background: Bilateral cerebellopontine angle (CPA) lipomas are extremely rare. Herein the authors present a case of bilateral CPA lipomas in an infant along with a literature review of bilateral CPA lipomas.

Observations: A newborn girl was incidentally found to have bilateral CPA lipomas during the workup for an occipital encephalocele.

The evolution of stereoelectroencephalography: symbiotic progress in medical imaging and procedural technologies.

Stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) was pioneered in France, at a time when cerebral anatomy was invisible to contemporaneous imaging modalities. Epilepsy surgeons relied on indirect targeting techniques to identify epileptogenic tissue. Since then, alongside the rapid rise of medical imaging technology, sEEG has experienced dramatic stepwise progress.

Open Surgical Approaches for Meningiomas.

Meningiomas are the most common intracranial extra-axial primary tumor. Although most are low grade and slow growing, resection can be technically challenging, particularly when located at the skull base. Appropriate craniotomy and approach selection are of paramount importance to minimize brain retraction, optimize exposure, and achieve complete resection.

Specific gene expression signatures of low grade meningiomas.

Introduction: Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors in adults, representing approximately one-third of all primary adult CNS tumors. Although several recent publications have proposed alternative grading systems of meningiomas that incorporate genomic and/or epigenomic data to better predict meningioma recurrence and progression-free survival, our understanding of driving forces of meningioma development is still limited.

Objective: To define gene expression signatures of the most common subtypes of meningiomas to better understand cellular processes and signaling pathways specific for each tumor genotype.