Association of COVID-19 Vaccination Status With Hospitalization and Illness Severity Among Pregnant Women: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in South Korea.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination rates among pregnant women were notably lower due to concerns about vaccine safety and effectiveness. We investigated the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on hospitalization and illness severity due to COVID-19 among pregnant women. Data were obtained from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency's COVID-19 National Health Insurance Service cohort, including 2,235 pregnant women and 6,733 nonpregnant women (1:3 matched) infected with COVID-19 between October 2020 and December 2021.

Regional-level Indicators for Chronic Diseases of People with Disabilities: Findings from a Modified Delphi Study.

Maintaining health cannot be achieved individually; it is influenced by social, legal, and institutional factors surrounding the individuals. This study aimed to identify regional-level factors that may influence the occurrence of chronic diseases among people with disabilities. To achieve this, we conducted a Delphi survey with experts to identify a set of regional indicators required for studying the health status of people with disabilities, particularly for predicting the occurrence of chronic diseases.

Effect of Mandatory and Voluntary Overtime Hours on Stress Among 9-1-1 Telecommunicators.

Background: 9-1-1 telecommunicators are frequently exposed to indirect traumatic events that impact their mental and physical health and are often required to work overtime with rotating shifts. Previous studies reported various harmful effects of overtime on the health and well-being of workers, such as musculoskeletal injuries, burnout, low job satisfaction, fatigue, and intent to leave. However, there is limited research on the impact of overtime hours on 9-1-1 telecommunicators' stress symptoms, especially mandatory overtime hours.

Disability and Emergency Department Visits: A Path Analysis of the Mediating Effects of Unmet Healthcare Needs and Chronic Diseases.

Previous studies identified disabilities and unmet healthcare needs, especially those related to primary healthcare, as predictors of ED use. This study examined the relationship between disability, unmet healthcare needs, chronic diseases, and ED visits in South Korea. This study was a cross-sectional study using the Korean Health Panel Survey collected in 2018.

Supporting rural public health practice to address local-level social determinants of health across Northwest states: Development of an interactive visualization dashboard.

Background: Rural local health departments (LHDs) lack adequate capacity and funding to effectively make data-driven decisions to support their communities that face greater health disparities compared to urban counterparts. The need, therefore, exists for informatics solutions to support rural LHDs.

Purpose: We describe the user-centered design (UCD) of SHARE-NW: Solutions in Health Analytics for Rural Equity across the Northwest, a website (sharenw.

Impact of data visualization on decision-making and its implications for public health practice: a systematic literature review.

Data visualization tools have the potential to support decision-making for public health professionals. This review summarizes the science and evidence regarding data visualization and its impact on decision-making behavior as informed by cognitive processes such as understanding, attitude, or perception.An electronic literature search was conducted using six databases, including reference list reviews.

Understanding data use and preference of data visualization for public health professionals: A qualitative study.

Objective: This study aimed to assess public health professionals' use of data, information, and evidence and to understand perceptions and preferences regarding data visualization to inform future design of data visualization tools.

Design: We conducted qualitative interviews with public health professionals who use data for decision making as part of community health assessment and program planning from state and local health departments across six states.

Results: We identified four themes: 1) collection of data, information, and evidence; 2) management and analysis of data and information to inform decisions; 3) use of data to support public health practice; and 4) preferences for data visualization and how visualization is being used.

Challenges and lessons learned in promoting adoption of standardized local public health service delivery data through the application of the Public Health Activities and Services Tracking model.

Population-level prevention activities are often publicly invisible and excluded in planning and policymaking. This creates an incomplete picture of prevention service-related inputs, particularly at the local level. We describe the process and lessons learned by the Public Health Activities and Services Tracking team in promoting adoption of standardized service delivery measures developed to assess public health inputs and guide system transformations.

Data, capacity-building, and training needs to address rural health inequities in the Northwest United States: a qualitative study.

Objective: Rural public health system leaders struggle to access and use data for understanding local health inequities and to effectively allocate scarce resources to populations in need. This study sought to determine these rural public health system leaders' data access, capacity, and training needs.

Materials And Methods: We conducted qualitative interviews across Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington with individuals expected to use population data for analysis or decision-making in rural communities.

Development of the PHAST model: generating standard public health services data and evidence for decision-making.

Objective: Standardized data regarding the distribution, quality, reach, and variation in public health services provided at the community level and in wide use across states and communities do not exist. This leaves a major gap in our nation's understanding of the value of prevention activities and, in particular, the contributions of our government public health agencies charged with assuring community health promotion and protection. Public health and community leaders, therefore, are eager for accessible and comparable data regarding preventive services that can inform policy decisions about where to invest resources.

Perceived Need Versus Current Spending: Gaps in Providing Foundational Public Health Services in Communities.

Objective: Our objective was to estimate the gap between the costs for local health jurisdictions (LHJs) to provide foundational public health services (FPHS) and actual spending on FPHS and to examine factors associated with that gap.

Design: We employed resource-based cost estimation methods for this observational study and conducted multivariate analyses with measures derived from secondary administrative data. We used primary data collected from LHJ leaders that depicted 2014 spending and perceived need.

Improved development of ICR mouse 2-cell embryos by the addition of amino acids to a serum-, phosphate-and glucose-free medium.

This study was conducted to evaluate how exogenous amino acids could affect preimplantation development of ICR mouse embryos. Two-cell embryos collected from naturally mated mice were cultured in amino acid-, glucose- and phosphate-free preimplantation (P)-1 medium. In Experiments 1, 19 amino acids (aa; 1% and 0.