Impacts of Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Outbreaks in Korea: Level 1 Trauma Center Data of Domestic Incidents and Intentional Injury.

Objectives: As a protective measure to slow down the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 in Korea, social distancing was implemented from February 29, 2020. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of domestic incidents and intentional injury during March 2020 when social distancing was in effect.

Methods: There were 12,638 patients who visited the Level 1 trauma center of Chungnam province with injuries from domestic incidents, familial discord, and intentional injury.

Effect of early enteral nutrition on the incidence of acute acalculous cholecystitis among trauma patients.

Background And Objectives: Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) often occurs in critically ill patients, especially in those that have experienced trauma, surgery, shock, and prolonged fasting. Early enteral nutrition has been shown to significantly reduce morbidity and mortality compared to other nutritional support strategies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of early enteral nutrition on the incidence of AAC among trauma patients.

Are management decisions in critical patients changed with use of hemodynamic parameters from transpulmonary thermodilution technique?

Background: The assessment of hemodynamic variables is a mainstay in the management of critically ill patients. Hemodynamic variables may help physicians to choose among use of a vasopressor, an inotropic agent, or discontinuation of drugs. In this study, we aimed to investigate the usefulness of advanced hemodynamic variables in clinical decision-making.

Apocynin suppressed the nuclear factor-κB pathway and attenuated lung injury in a rat hemorrhagic shock model.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) inhibitor, apocynin, reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, suppresses the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway, attenuates lung injury, and improves survival in rat hemorrhagic shock (HS) model.

Methods: Blood was drawn from male Sprague-Dawley rats (290-340 g) to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 20-25 mm Hg for 40 minutes. The rats were resuscitated with the drawn blood, and a vehicle (HS), a low dose of apocynin (20 mg/kg, LD-Apo), or a high dose of apocynin (40 mg/kg, HD-Apo) was administered intraperitoneally.

Comparative study of the clinical features and treatment for right and left colonic diverticulitis.

Purpose: Colonic diverticulitis is an uncommon disease in Korea, but the incidence of the disease is increasing. The right colon is the more preferred site for diverticulitis in Korea, but the incidence of left diverticulitis is increasing. Therefore, comparing the clinical features and treatments for right diverticulitis with those for left diverticulitis may help us to treat the disease more properly.

Active immunization against de novo hepatitis B virus infection in pediatric patients after liver transplantation.

The shortage of donor organs occasionally mandates the use of hepatic allografts from anti-HBc (+) donors. HBIG and/or lamivudine are recommended for the prevention of de novo HBV infection in naive patients, but there are attendant problems, such as mutant strain emergence and high cost. Active immunization presents a better alternative than the use of HBIG or lamivudine, if it can be proven to be effective.

[Isolation and culture of pig hepatocyte in large scale for the application of bioartificial liver system].

Background/aims: Acute hepatic failure is a serious problem. Its mortality reaches up to 80%. Only liver transplantation has been accepted as a definite treatment for patients with hepatic failure but shortage of donor organs is the main obstacle of this approach.