Publications by authors named "Saurabhi Samant"
Prediction of ventricular arrhythmic outcomes in suspected cardiac sarcoidosis: a comparison of cardiovascular magnetic resonance phenotyping vs. societal recommendations for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement.
Harold Mathijssen
,
Parag H Bawaskar
,
Yogita Rochlani
,
Issac Georgy
,
Pal Satyajit Singh Athwal
,
Saurabhi Samant
Eur Heart J
May 2025
Background And Aims: Implementing societal recommendations for primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in cardiac sarcoidosis requires an accurate diagnosis. However, cardiac sarcoidosis diagnostic schemes are inconsistent and often produce conflicting results. This study aimed to compare the discriminative accuracy of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) phenotyping with the societal recommendations for predicting long-term ventricular arrhythmic outcomes in patients with suspected cardiac sarcoidosis, regardless of their diagnostic status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial Intelligence in Coronary Artery Interventions: Preprocedural Planning and Procedural Assistance.
J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv
March 2025
Artificial intelligence (AI) has profoundly influenced the field of cardiovascular interventions and coronary artery procedures in particular. AI has enhanced diagnostic accuracy in coronary artery disease through advanced invasive and noninvasive imaging modalities, facilitating more precise diagnosis and personalized interventional strategies. AI integration in coronary interventions has streamlined diagnostic and procedural workflows, improved procedural accuracy, increased clinician efficiency, and enhanced patient safety and outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study focuses on how the design of coronary stents and the blood flow conditions after they are placed impact the success of heart procedures and patient health.
- An innovative algorithm for accurately creating 3D models of stents using intravascular ultrasound and angiography has been developed, showing high precision in complex stent configurations.
- This method not only confirms its accuracy in silicone models but also proves useful in clinical settings for assessing blood flow dynamics, aiding in optimizing stenting techniques and stent innovations.
Artificial Intelligence, Computational Simulations, and Extended Reality in Cardiovascular Interventions.
JACC Cardiovasc Interv
October 2023
Article Synopsis
- Advances in health care are being driven by 21st-century technologies like artificial intelligence, computational simulations, and extended reality, collectively referred to as AISER.
- AISER is being applied in cardiovascular therapies for preprocedural planning, virtual clinical trials, and training health care professionals.
- The review also addresses challenges related to AISER's implementation and highlights the collaboration needed among various experts to enhance its use in cardiovascular medicine.
Article Synopsis
- This study explored how a receptor called TREM-1 is involved in inflammation when cells are exposed to low shear stress, which mimics conditions that can contribute to heart disease.
- Researchers found that low shear stress increased TREM-1 expression and led to higher production of inflammatory substances, while high shear stress did not significantly impact TREM-1 levels.
- Inhibiting TREM-1 in cells exposed to low shear stress resulted in lower levels of inflammation, suggesting that targeting TREM-1 could be a potential therapy for atherosclerosis, needing further research in animal and human models.
Article Synopsis
- CABG is a surgical procedure for patients with serious coronary artery disease, and this study explores a new non-invasive way to assess blood flow dynamics before and after surgery.
- Using a computational platform, researchers tested two patients and found that their results matched well with traditional angiography measurements, validating the technology.
- The simulations showed that as blockage in a coronary artery worsens, the blood flow through the graft improves, indicating potential benefits of bypass surgery, although more clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Article Synopsis
- This research introduces a quick and cost-effective three-cell co-culture system that models the cellular processes involved in atherosclerosis, from initial formation to thickening of the arterial wall.
- The study developed four distinct culture models that mimic different stages of atherosclerosis, using human coronary artery cells, low-density lipoproteins, and smooth muscle cells, while also investigating the impact of shear stress.
- The findings indicate that the behavior of cells in these models closely resembles that of cells found in actual atherosclerotic plaques in humans, suggesting potential applications for studying atherosclerosis and testing new drug therapies.
Article Synopsis
- Coronary angiography is the traditional method for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD) and guiding heart procedures like PCI.
- Physiology-guided PCI has been shown to enhance safety, efficiency, and patient outcomes in various heart conditions.
- Newer technologies, including non-invasive and non-wire-based methods for assessing CAD, are emerging as effective alternatives, and healthcare providers should understand the pros and cons of these methods.
Article Synopsis
- Left main coronary artery stenting needs careful planning and precise execution for effective treatment.* -
- A case series introduces a method that uses patient-specific computational simulations to guide stenting procedures.* -
- Three patients with serious left main artery disease received stenting using a specially designed stent scaffold for larger arteries.*
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) inhibition in atherosclerosis.
Pharmacol Ther
October 2022
Article Synopsis
- TREM-1 is a protein found on various immune and endothelial cells, crucial for innate immunity and involved in both infectious and non-infectious inflammation.
- It promotes inflammation by enhancing lipid accumulation and the expression of inflammatory factors, which contributes to conditions like atherosclerosis.
- The review discusses how inhibiting TREM-1 can help stabilize atherosclerotic plaques and reduce inflammation, potentially improving the disease's progression.
Article Synopsis
- - The case involves a 43-year-old woman with a history of smoking who experienced a heart attack (STEMI) caused by plaque erosion, which was identified through advanced imaging techniques known as optical coherence tomography (OCT).
- - Instead of using a stent for treatment, doctors opted for a no stent approach, using aspiration thrombectomy and dual antiplatelet therapy, since there was no plaque rupture.
- - This case highlights the importance of individualized treatment strategies in managing acute coronary syndromes, showing that using intravascular imaging can lead to effective treatment while reducing risks associated with stent placement.
Article Synopsis
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), significantly contributes to maternal mortality during pregnancy due to increased hypercoagulability.
- Identifying individual risk factors and understanding the changes in pregnancy is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment, including systemic anticoagulation and possibly advanced interventions like filters or thrombectomy for severe cases.
- Careful assessment and balancing the risks of anticoagulation against VTE complications are vital for ensuring the safety of both the mother and fetus throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period.
Article Synopsis
- Percutaneous transvenous lead extraction (TLE) of cardiac devices is generally successful but comes with challenges that require early recognition for effective patient care.
- A case involving a 37-year-old woman highlighted these challenges when TLE was abandoned due to difficulties, opting instead for elective surgical extraction (SE) to avoid severe complications like vascular tear.
- The successful SE revealed significant adhesions and required vascular repair, leading to the placement of a new ICD system and a smooth recovery for the patient, underscoring the need for timely decision-making in difficult extraction scenarios.
Article Synopsis
- The study introduces a new computational platform designed to create patient-specific simulations for bifurcation stenting, enhancing individualized treatment planning for better outcomes in cardiac procedures.
- Using data from both bench models and clinical cases, the platform demonstrated a strong agreement between simulated and actual measurements of lumen diameter after stenting, with minimal bias in its predictions.
- Results suggest that this computational approach is accurate and feasible, indicating the need for further clinical studies to explore its potential for improving decision-making and patient outcomes in real-world scenarios.
Article Synopsis
- The structural design and local blood flow conditions of coronary stents significantly affect their effectiveness and the patient's recovery post-procedure.
- This study introduces a new algorithm that uses optical coherence tomography (OCT) and angiography to create precise 3D models of coronary stents, assessing its accuracy and practicality for clinical use.
- Experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm accurately reconstructs complex stent configurations, is applicable to bifurcated stents, and supports computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies for improved understanding of blood flow dynamics within the stents.
Article Synopsis
- Left main coronary artery bifurcation stenting is complex due to its unique anatomy, prompting the development of a novel everolimus-eluting stent called SYNERGY MEGATRON, designed for larger coronary segments.
- The study involved computational and experimental testing on various stent designs and diameters to assess their mechanical performance, demonstrating that the 12-peak MEGATRON stent outperformed the others in terms of expansion, scaffolding, and radial strength.
- Findings indicated that computational simulations of stenting effectively mirrored experimental results, highlighting their potential for cost-efficient research in stent design.
Article Synopsis
- The study discusses a new method for creating 3D models of coronary artery bifurcations by combining angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) to enhance understanding of complex bifurcation diseases and improve stenting strategies.
- The approach addresses issues like frame misalignment and helps accurately reconstruct the vessel's lumen and bifurcation angles, showing strong accuracy and reproducibility compared to traditional micro-computed tomography (µCT) references.
- This time-efficient technique could be beneficial in clinical settings, aiding in the assessment of bifurcation anatomy and disease burden, thus enhancing planning and decision-making for stenting procedures.