Maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy and offspring neurobehavioral outcomes during early childhood in the Healthy Start Study.

Purpose: We evaluate singular and combined effects of prenatal maternal depression and stress on early childhood neurobehavioral outcomes among 536 mother-child pairs.

Methods: First, we used multivariable linear regression to investigate associations of women's Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score, separately, with offspring Child Behavior Checklist score. Next, to assess the combined effect of EPDS and PSS, we dichotomized each score at the fourth versus first to third quartiles and created a four-level variable comprising combinations of high and low depression and stress.

Characterization of Maternal Psychosocial Stress During Pregnancy: The Healthy Start Study.

Objective: To capture multidimensional maternal psychosocial stress using responses from the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) administered during pregnancy, and to identify sociodemographic, biological, and health behavioral correlates of the stress domains.

Methods: Using data from 1,079 pregnant women, we implemented principal component analysis on EPDS and PSS responses and retained factors based on the Scree plot and Eigenvalues >1. We then used linear regression to identify perinatal correlates of each domain.

Routine Screening in a California Jail : Effect of Local Policy on Identification of Syphilis in a High-Incidence Area, 2016-2017.

Objectives: California is experiencing a syphilis and congenital syphilis epidemic, and many persons diagnosed with syphilis report a history of recent incarceration or sexual contact with a person who has recently been incarcerated. Fresno County's local health department and jail collaborated to implement a routine syphilis screening policy for male adults aged 18-30 and female adults aged 18-35 booked into the facility. We evaluated syphilis screening, case finding, and treatment rates after implementation of the new policy.

Association between walnut consumption and diabetes risk in NHANES.

Background: Dietary interventions and cohort studies relating tree nut consumption to blood glucose levels suggest a possible effect of walnuts.

Objective: To examine the associations between walnut consumption and diabetes risk using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Methods: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data on adults conducting 24-hour dietary recall was pooled across the years 1999 through 2014.

Renin-angiotensin system blockers and residual kidney function loss in patients initiating peritoneal dialysis: an observational cohort study.

Background: Although angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARB) have been shown to preserve residual kidney function in a select group of Asian patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (PD) in two small randomized clinical trials, the effectiveness of these drugs has yet to be demonstrated in a more diverse population of patients with multiple comorbid conditions. We investigated the association between ACEI/ARB use and development of recorded anuria in a cohort of patients initiating PD in the U.S.

Heat Death Associations with the built environment, social vulnerability and their interactions with rising temperature.

In an extreme heat event, people can go to air-conditioned public facilities if residential air-conditioning is not available. Residences that heat slowly may also mitigate health effects, particularly in neighborhoods with social vulnerability. We explored the contributions of social vulnerability and these infrastructures to heat mortality in Maricopa County and whether these relationships are sensitive to temperature.