Publications by authors named "Santhosh Raj"

Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacterales are classified as critical priority pathogens with limited therapeutic options. Enmetazobactam is a novel penicillanic sulfone beta-lactamase inhibitor with the spectrum of coverage against range of ESBLs. The combination of cefepime/enmetazobactam has been approved for the treatment of cUTI including acute pyelonephritis in United States and Europe, and additionally licensed for the treatment of hospital acquired pneumonia including ventilator associated pneumonia and their associated bacteremia in Europe.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Nipple adenoma (NA) is a rare but benign growth in the nipple that commonly affects middle-aged women, presenting as a nodule or ulcer with potential discharge, and is often mistaken for more serious conditions like Paget’s disease or breast cancer.
  • - A study from January 2015 to December 2021 analyzed 16 cases of NA, noting a median diagnosis age of 37 years, with nipple discharge and swelling as primary symptoms; ultrasound revealed lesions averaging 0.8 cm, and most cases showed an adenosis histological pattern.
  • - The findings highlight that histopathological analysis, aided by immunohistochemistry, is essential for accurate diagnosis, while surgical excision remains the preferred treatment,
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The role of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in identifying mutations in the driver, epigenetic regulator, RNA splicing, and signaling pathway genes in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) has contributed substantially to our understanding of the disease pathogenesis as well as disease evolution. NGS aids in determining the clonal nature of the disease in a subset of these disorders where mutations in the driver genes are not detected. There is a paucity of real-world data on the utility of this test in the characterization of triple-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (TN-MPN).

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Distant metastasis from malignant Phyllodes tumour (PT) is rare. They generally metastasize to the lung, bone, pleura, and liver. We present a very rare case of a 25-year-old woman with intraabdominal metastases from malignant phyllodes tumour of the breast.

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Closed traumatic dislocation of multiple metatarsophalangeal joints is a rare injury. Until now only one case of simultaneous dislocation of all five metatarsophalangeal joints has been reported in peer-reviewed studies. The complex anatomy of the metatarsophalangeal joints prevents the relocation of the joints in a closed manner in maximum cases.

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Purpose: Hyperintense parasellar signal on time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA) in asymptomatic patients may be due to a variety of nonpathological causes and mimic parasellar high flow signal in pathological arteriovenous shunts at the cavernous sinus (CSAVS). This creates a clinical conundrum between diagnosing an aggressive yet asymptomatic CSAVS subtype against exposing patients without CSAVS to potential complications of an invasive angiographic evaluation. We reviewed common nonpathological causes of hyperintense parasellar signal and contrast their imaging features against those of pathological CSAVS and proposed a systemic approach to resolve such conundrum.

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An intramesosigmoid hernia is 1 of the 3 rare types of sigmoid-related hernias that could be complicated by intestinal obstruction. Our patient presented with a clinical picture of intestinal obstruction. CT scan showed features of strangulated small-bowel obstruction secondary to a sigmoid-related hernia.

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Introduction: C-arm Cone Beam CT (CBCT) is a technology that is being integrated into many of the newer angiography systems in the interventional suite. Due to its ability to provide cross sectional imaging, it has opened a myriad of opportunities for creating new clinical applications. We review the technical aspects, current reported clinical applications and potential benefits of this technology.

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