Assocation Between a Brain Care Score Derived from Participant Responses and Incident Stroke from the COSMOS Study.

Objective: The Brain Care Score (BCS), previously validated to predict the risk of age-related brain diseases, incorporates 12 modifiable risk factors, including blood pressure and laboratory measurements. In the U.S.

Exploring the relationship between dietary factors and structural brain alterations in a partial least squares correlation analysis.

Background & Aims: While nutritional behavior has been shown to affect cognitive health, data is lacking on the association between nutrition and structural brain alterations. We aimed to investigate whether specific food items, commonly found in dietary patterns that are considered healthy, are associated with preserved brain structure.

Methods: Utilizing data from a prospective, cross-sectional, population-based cohort study, we applied a partial least squares correlation (PLS) analysis to identify multivariate associative effects between two data modalities: a) imaging parameters derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of global brain micro- and macrostructure; and b) items of validated dietary patterns (Mediterranean diet, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet) assessed with a food frequency questionnaire.

Associations Between Trust in Healthcare Professionals and Perceptions of Modifiability of Dementia and Stroke Risks Through Maintaining or Changing Lifestyle Habits.

PurposeTo investigate the trust levels in health information sources from a United States (U.S.) sample, and to examine the relationships between trust in healthcare professionals (HCPs) and perceptions of modifiability of dementia and stroke risks through maintaining or changing lifestyle habits.

Knowledge and practice of healthy behaviors for dementia and stroke prevention in a United States cohort.

At least 45% of dementia and 60% of stroke cases are due to modifiable risk factors and could in part be prevented through healthy behavior. This cross-sectional study clustered and characterized a U.S.

Trends in Risk Factor Management Among Stroke Survivors in a Representative US Population.

Whether stroke survivors can meet risk factor recommendations set by guidelines is unknown. We investigated the proportion of stroke survivors that met the secondary prevention guideline recommendations, analyzed the trends over time, and assessed the impact on mortality. Using cross-sectional data on stroke survivors from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999-2018, we determined the proportion of stroke survivors who met guideline recommendations.

Modifiable risk factors for stroke, dementia and late-life depression: a systematic review and DALY-weighted risk factors for a composite outcome.

Background: At least 60% of stroke, 40% of dementia and 35% of late-life depression (LLD) are attributable to modifiable risk factors, with great overlap due to shared pathophysiology. This study aims to systematically identify overlapping risk factors for these diseases and calculate their relative impact on a composite outcome.

Methods: A systematic literature review was performed in PubMed, Embase and PsycInfo, between January 2000 and September 2023.

Reliability and Validity of Self-Reported Risk Factors for Stroke and Dementia.

Background: Stroke and dementia are leading causes of mortality and can be prevented through risk factor management. Risk factor assessment requires laboratory or physical measurements. We aimed to determine whether self-reported risk factors serve as reliable proxies and predict stroke- and dementia-related mortality.

Predicting Atrial Fibrillation After Stroke by Combining Polygenic Risk Scores and Clinical Features.

Background: Because treatment with anticoagulants can prevent recurrent strokes, identification of patients at risk for incident atrial fibrillation (AF) after stroke is crucial. We aimed to investigate whether the addition of AF polygenic risk scores (PRSs) to existing clinical risk predictors could improve prediction of AF after stroke.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke at the Massachusetts General Hospital between 2003 and 2017 were included.

Genetics of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) represents a life-threatening form of stroke, marked by its impact on survival and quality of life. ICH can be categorized from monogenic disorders linked to causal germline variants in ICH-related genes to complex sporadic cases, highlighting the interaction among lifestyle factors, environmental influences, and genetic components in determining risk. Among sporadic ICH, the influence of these factors varies across ICH subtypes, evidenced by heritability rates of up to 73% for lobar ICH versus 34% for non-lobar ICH.

Corrigendum: The predictive validity of a Brain Care Score for late-life depression and a composite outcome of dementia, stroke, and late-life depression: data from the UK Biobank cohort.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.

Corrigendum: The predictive validity of a Brain Care Score for dementia and stroke: data from the UK Biobank cohort.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.

The predictive validity of a Brain Care Score for late-life depression and a composite outcome of dementia, stroke, and late-life depression: data from the UK Biobank cohort.

Introduction: The 21-point Brain Care Score (BCS) is a novel tool designed to motivate individuals and care providers to take action to reduce the risk of stroke and dementia by encouraging lifestyle changes. Given that late-life depression is increasingly recognized to share risk factors with stroke and dementia, and is an important clinical endpoint for brain health, we tested the hypothesis that a higher BCS is associated with a reduced incidence of future depression. Additionally, we examined its association with a brain health composite outcome comprising stroke, dementia, and late-life depression.

Predicting post-stroke cognitive impairment using electronic health record data.

Background: Secondary prevention interventions to reduce post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) can be aided by the early identification of high-risk individuals who would benefit from risk factor modification.

Aims: To develop and evaluate a predictive model to identify patients at increased risk of PSCI over 5 years using data easily accessible from electronic health records.

Methods: Cohort study that included primary care patients from two academic medical centers.

Treating Hypertension: Important for Heart Health, Fundamental for Brain Health.

The Brain Health crisis stands as one of humankind's most pressing threats, with age-related noncommunicable brain diseases, particularly stroke, and dementia, affecting hundreds of millions annually and jeopardizing the economic well-being of populations worldwide. Epidemiological studies indicate that ≈40% of dementia and 60% of stroke cases are attributable to modifiable risk factors. In this Comments and Opinions article, we underscore the pivotal role of blood pressure (BP) control in reducing suffering, enhancing economic well-being, and promoting healthy longevity for populations worldwide.

Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage: An International Cohort Study.

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the cerebellum has a poor short-term prognosis, whereas data on the long-term case fatality and recurrent vascular events are sparse. Herewith, we aimed to assess the long-term case fatality and recurrence rate of vascular events after a first cerebellar ICH.

Methods: In this international cohort study, we included patients from 10 hospitals (the United States and Europe from 1997 to 2017) aged ≥18 years with a first spontaneous cerebellar ICH who were discharged alive.

Predicting post-stroke cognitive impairment using electronic health record data.

Importance: Secondary prevention interventions to reduce post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) can be aided by the early identification of high-risk individuals who would benefit from risk factor modification.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a predictive model to identify patients at increased risk of PSCI over 5 years using data easily accessible from electronic health records.

Design: Cohort study with patients enrolled between 2003-2016 with follow-up through 2022.

The predictive validity of a Brain Care Score for dementia and stroke: data from the UK Biobank cohort.

Introduction: The 21-point Brain Care Score (BCS) was developed through a modified Delphi process in partnership with practitioners and patients to promote behavior changes and lifestyle choices in order to sustainably reduce the risk of dementia and stroke. We aimed to assess the associations of the BCS with risk of incident dementia and stroke.

Methods: The BCS was derived from the United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) baseline evaluation for participants aged 40-69 years, recruited between 2006-2010.

Computed Tomography Angiography Spot Sign, Hematoma Expansion, and Functional Outcome in Spontaneous Cerebellar Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: The computed tomography angiography spot sign is associated with hematoma expansion, case fatality, and poor functional outcome in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, no data are available on the spot sign in spontaneous cerebellar ICH.

Methods: We investigated consecutive patients with spontaneous cerebellar ICH at 3 academic hospitals between 2002 and 2017.

Secondary Hematoma Evacuation and Outcome After Initial Conservative Approach for Patients with Cerebellar Hematoma Larger than 3 cm.

Background: In patients with spontaneous cerebellar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) guidelines advocate evacuation when the hematoma diameter is > 3 cm. We studied outcome in patients with cerebellar ICH > 3 cm who did not undergo immediate hematoma evacuation.

Methods: We included consecutive patients with cerebellar ICH > 3 cm at two academic hospitals between 2008 and 2017.

Haematoma evacuation in cerebellar intracerebral haemorrhage: systematic review.

Background: Guidelines regarding recommendations for surgical treatment of spontaneous cerebellar intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) differ. We aimed to systematically review the literature to assess treatment strategies and outcomes.

Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase between 1970 and 2019 for randomised or otherwise controlled studies and observational cohort studies.

Cerebellar Microbleed Distribution Patterns and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.

Background and Purpose- Hematoma location within the cerebellum may help identify the dominant small vessel disease type (cerebral amyloid angiopathy [CAA] versus nonamyloid small vessel disease). However, it is unknown whether this holds true for cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) within the cerebellum. We tested the hypothesis that cerebellar CMBs restricted to the cortex and vermis (defined as superficial regions) are associated with clinically diagnosed and pathology-verified CAA.