The Nephrologist's Perspective in Evaluation and Management of Localized Renal Masses: Core Curriculum 2025.

The evaluation and management of renal masses, predominantly of the clear cell renal cell carcinoma subtype, have been evolving over the past several years and demanding greater attention from nephrologists. Oncologic survival of localized tumors approaches 100%, where survival is more closely tied to underlying comorbidities including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early diagnosis and thus increasing prevalence related to incidental discovery of renal masses allows greater emphasis on nephron-sparing procedures and for residual kidney function preservation.

Management of non-Cardiac Organ Failure in cardiogenic shock.

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a syndrome of low cardiac output leading to systemic hypoperfusion. The mainstay of management involves optimizing preload, afterload, and contractility to restore central hemodynamics. However, CS is frequently complicated by non-cardiac organ failure, for which there is limited guidance.

The cardiovascular unphysiology of thrice weekly hemodialysis.

Purpose Of Review: This review examines the unphysiological nature of conventional intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and explores alternative dialysis modalities that more closely mimic natural kidney function. As cardiovascular complications remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients, understanding and addressing the limitations of IHD is crucial for improving outcomes.

Recent Findings: IHD's intermittent nature leads to significant fluctuations in metabolites, electrolytes, and fluid status, contributing to hemodynamic instability and increased cardiovascular risk.

Alcohol Intake and Prevalent Kidney Stone: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018.

The association of alcohol intake with kidney stone disease (KSD) is not clear based on current clinical evidence. We examined the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018 and used logistic regression analyses to determine the independent association between alcohol intake and prevalent KSD. In total, 29,684 participants were eligible for the final analysis, including 2840 prevalent stone formers (SFs).

Dietary Magnesium Intake and Kidney Stone: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018.

Background: The association between dietary magnesium intake (DMI) and kidney stone (KS) disease is not clear.

Aim: To determine the association between DMI and prevalent KS disease defined as self-report of any previous episode of KS.

Methods: We examined The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018 and used logistic regression analyses adjusting for demographics, BMI, histories of hypertension, diabetes, thiazide use, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, relevant dietary and supplemental intakes to determine the independent association between DMI and prevalent KS disease.

Long-Term Ambulatory Intravenous Milrinone Therapy in Advanced Heart Failure.

Background: The role of intravenous (IV) inotropes in the treatment of ambulatory patients with advanced heart failure (HF) remains controversial.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with advanced HF. Patients on home IV milrinone, who remained on it for at least 3 months, were included.

Outcomes of Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is increasingly used in cardiac arrest. Currently, public registries report the outcomes of cardiac arrest regardless of the setting (out-of-hospital versus in-hospital). Meanwhile, in-hospital cardiac arrest represents a more favorable setting for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation than out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Cardiovascular Risk After Sepsis: Understanding the Role of Statin Indications and the Impact of Clinical Inertia on Prescribing Patterns.

Introduction: Patients with sepsis have high rates of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the literature, but the stratification of those at risk has been limited. Statin indicated groups provides clear criteria for therapy, but the risk of MACE after sepsis based on these groups has never been assessed.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective cohort analysis conducted on adult patients admitted from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013, with suspected or confirmed sepsis and data available on statin use.