Mapping Small Ruminant Trade Networks in Ethiopia's Somali Region and Borena Zone: Implications for the Spread of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus.

Livestock trade significantly contributes to the spread of transboundary animal diseases (TADs), like Peste des Petits Ruminants virus (PPRV), due to the long-distance movement of infected animals. This study investigates the structure and dynamics of the small ruminant trade network across 64 markets and 20 destinations, focusing on market connectivity, trade patterns, and disease risk. Eight key markets were identified due to their significant trading activity and connections.

Investigation of veterinary service delivery and service providers on dairy cattle farms in central Ethiopia.

Background: Livestock diseases are major constraints affecting the productivity, health and welfare of animals in dairy sectors in Ethiopia. The prevalence of animal diseases and inadequate animal health services are key barriers to improving animal productivity and health. Studies assessing animal health delivery in Ethiopia are limited.

Modeling the spatial distribution and environmental factors of dominant ixodid tick species parasitizing cattle in northwest Ethiopia.

Ticks are blood-feeding ectoparasites that transmit pathogens to animals and humans, ranking as the second most significant epidemiological agents next to mosquitoes. Ethiopia hosts seven genera and 60 species of ticks; however, our limited understanding of their spatial distribution and influencing factors hampers prevention and control efforts for ticks and tick-borne diseases. This study examined six predominant tick species in northwest Ethiopia: Amblyomma lepidum, A.

Spatiotemporal analysis and forecasting of lumpy skin disease outbreaks in Ethiopia based on retrospective outbreak reports.

Introduction: Lumpy skin disease is a viral disease that affects cattle belonging to genus Capripoxvirus (Poxviridae) and lead to significant economic losses.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution of lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks and predict future patterns based on retrospective outbreak reports in Ethiopia.

Methods: Data were collected through direct communication with regional laboratories and a hierarchical reporting system from the Peasant Associations to Ministry of Agriculture.

CRISPR-Cas12/Cas13: Bibliometric analysis and systematic review of its application in infectious disease detection.

Background: Infectious diseases impose a significant burden on the global public health and economy, resulting in an estimated 15 million deaths out of 57 million annually worldwide. This study examines the current state of CRISPR-Cas12/Cas13 research, focusing on its applications in infectious disease detection and its evolutionary trajectory.

Methods: A bibliometric analysis and systematic review were conducted by retrieving CRISPR-Cas12/Cas13-related articles published between January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2022, from the Web of Science database.

Evaluation of the effect of therapeutic durations on small ruminant bacterial pneumonia.

Background: Sheep and goat production in Ethiopia is hindered by numerous substandard production systems and various diseases. Respiratory disease complexes (RDC) pose a significant threat to the productivity of these animals. Pneumonia is a common manifestation of respiratory disease complexes and often necessitates a prolonged course of antibiotic treatment.

Influence of Live Attenuated Vaccines on Cecal Microbiome Composition and Microbiota Abundances in Young Broiler Chickens.

Salmonellosis is a global food safety challenge caused by , a gram-negative bacterium of zoonotic importance. Poultry is considered a major reservoir for the pathogen, and humans are exposed through consumption of raw or undercooked products derived from them. Prophylaxis of in poultry farms generally mainly involves biosecurity measures, flock testing and culling, use of antibiotics, and vaccination programs.

Status of animal health biosecurity measures of dairy farms in urban and peri-urban areas of central Ethiopia.

Ethiopian dairy farming has many constraints including disease and lack of appropriate biosecurity measures. With this into consideration, a cross-sectional survey was carried out from November 2021 to April 2022 to determine the animal health biosecurity status of dairy farms and investigate the sociodemographic characteristics of livestock keepers on dairy farm management. A face-to-face questionnaire survey using an online application was used to collect data.

Occurrence of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 in lactating cows and dairy farm environment and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern at Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha District, Ethiopia.

Background: Food-borne pathogens are the foremost causes of food-borne human illness in the world. Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) is one of the major food-borne pathogenic bacteria around the world.

Entomological survey of the potential vectors of Rift Valley fever virus and absence of detection of the virus genome from the vectors in various niches in the southern half of the Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia.

Background: Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is the cause of one of the most important mosquito-borne emerging diseases negatively affecting the health of humans and animals, particularly in Africa. In Ethiopia, the status of RVFV and the existence of potential vectors are unknown.

Objectives: This study aimed to survey the mosquito vectors of RVFV and the detection of the virus in selected sites (Batu, Hawassa, Arba Minch and Borana) in Ethiopia.

Molecular detection and assessment of the epidemiological risk factors associated with equine herpesvirus 2 and 5 in working equids in central Ethiopia.

Background: Respiratory disease is the most common presenting complaint at veterinary clinics and a priority concern for equid owners and veterinary practitioners in Ethiopia.

Objectives: This study aimed to report the molecular detection of EHV-2 and EHV-5 and to assess the risk factors associated with infection in working equids in central Ethiopia.

Methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 58 horses and donkeys to detect EHV-2 and EHV-5 using PCR targeting the conserved region of glycoprotein B (gB) genes.

Modeling the spatial distribution of Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as vectors of animal diseases in Ethiopia.

Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are the major vectors of bluetongue, Schmallenberg, and African horse sickness viruses. This study was conducted to survey Culicoides species in different parts of Ethiopia and to develop habitat suitability for the major Culicoides species in Ethiopia. Culicoides traps were set in different parts of the country from December 2018 to April 2021 using UV light Onderstepoort traps and the collected Culicoides were sorted to species level.

Temporal and Spatial Patterns and a Space-Time Cluster Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Outbreaks in Ethiopia from 2010 to 2019.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an endemic disease in Ethiopia, although space-time cluster and monthly variation studies have never been assessed at national level. The current study aimed to identify the spatial and temporal distribution of FMD outbreaks in Ethiopia from national outbreak reports over a period of ten years from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2019. To this end, a total of 376,762 cases and 1302 outbreaks from 704 districts were obtained from the Minister of Agriculture for analyses.

First molecular detection of hepatitis E virus genome in camel and pig faecal samples in Ethiopia.

Background: Hepatitis E is an enteric and zoonotic disease caused by hepatitis E virus (HEV) that is mainly transmitted via the faecal-oral route through contaminated food or the environment. The virus is an emerging infectious agent causing acute human infection worldwide. A high seroprevalence of the disease was reported in pregnant women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, raising significant public health concern.

Evaluation of the Control Options of Bovine Tuberculosis in Ethiopia Using a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis.

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a zoonotic bacterial infection caused by and is characterized by the development of granulomatous lesions in the lymph nodes, lungs and other tissues. It poses serious public health impacts and food security challenges to the agricultural sector in terms of dairy and meat productions. In Ethiopia, BTB has been considered as a priority disease because of its high prevalence in urban and peri-urban dairy farms.

Policy Perspectives of Dog-Mediated Rabies Control in Resource-Limited Countries: The Ethiopian Situation.

One Health disease-control programs are believed to be most effective when implemented within the population transmitting the disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) and partners have targeted the elimination of dog-mediated human rabies by 2030 primarily through mass dog vaccination. Mass vaccination, however, has been constrained by financial resource limitations.

Modeling the global distribution of Culicoides imicola: an Ensemble approach.

Culicoides imicola is a midge species serving as vector for a number of viral diseases of livestock, including Bluetongue, and African Horse Sickness. C. imicola is also known to transmit Schmallenberg virus experimentally.

Updating the global occurrence of Culicoides imicola, a vector for emerging viral diseases.

Culicoides imicola is the main vector transmitting viruses causing animal diseases such as Bluetongue, African Horse Sickness, and Schmallenberg. It has become widely distributed, with reports from South Africa to southern Europe, and from western Africa to southern China. This study presents a global compendium of Culicoides imicola occurrence between 1943 and 2018, reflecting the most recently compiled and harmonized global dataset derived from peer-reviewed literature.

Gastrointestinal helminths of backyard chickens in selected areas of West Shoa Zone Central, Ethiopia.

Gastrointestinal parasites of chickens are prevalent in many parts of the world including Ethiopia. This study was conducted with backyard chickens in Ambo, Holeta and, Dire Inchini in the West Shoa zone with the objectives of estimating the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections, identifying the species present and determining associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted using 252 chickens purchased from local markets.

Assessment of post-harvest fish losses in two selected lakes of Amhara Region, Northern Ethiopia.

Fisheries play a significant role in food security, livelihood, and source of income in developing countries. The annual fish production potential of Ethiopia reaches up to 51, 000 tones, however, the actual production is much less than the potential that the country has. The fisheries sector of Ethiopian is not well developed regarding pre and post-harvest handling practices.

Understanding Factors Influencing Dog Owners' Intention to Vaccinate Against Rabies Evaluated Using Health Belief Model Constructs.

Ethiopia has one of the highest incidence levels of human rabies in Africa, with 3-7 deaths per 100,000 people annually. The country has no official rabies control programme, despite the availability of an effective canine vaccine to control rabies. To support effective rabies control, an understanding of the factors affecting dog owners' voluntary intentions to vaccinate their dogs is important.

Cryptosporidium infection in bovine calves: prevalence and potential risk factors in northwest Ethiopia.

Objective: Cryptosporidium is an enteric protozoan organism that causes gastrointestinal disorders in different animals, mainly in calves. The parasite has also a zoonotic importance of children and immunocompromised patients. However, data are limited to northwest Ethiopia.