Ensemble quantitation of absolute metabolite concentrations in T cells reveals conserved features of immunometabolism.

Cells regulate metabolite levels to efficiently utilize metabolic networks and avoid toxic buildup. In turn, metabolites dictate metabolic activity by acting as substrates, products, and effectors. Despite their foundational role in cell physiology, kinetics, and thermodynamics, absolute metabolite concentrations are seldom known.

Bringing carbon to life via one-carbon metabolism.

One-carbon (C1) compounds found in greenhouse gases and industrial waste streams are underutilized carbon and energy sources. While various biological and chemical means exist for converting C1 substrates into multicarbon products, major challenges of C1 conversion lie in creating net value. Here, we review metabolic strategies to utilize carbon across oxidation states.

Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Reveal Altered Metabolic Regulation of under Electrochemical Water-Splitting Conditions.

Biological-inorganic hybrid systems are a growing class of technologies that combine microorganisms with materials for a variety of purposes, including chemical synthesis, environmental remediation, and energy generation. These systems typically consider microorganisms as simple catalysts for the reaction of interest; however, other metabolic activity is likely to have a large influence on the system performance. The investigation of biological responses to the hybrid environment is thus critical to the future development and optimization.

Neutrophil diversity is associated with T-cell immunity and clinical relevance in patients with thyroid cancer.

Neutrophil heterogeneity is involved in autoimmune diseases, sepsis, and several cancers. However, the link between neutrophil heterogeneity and T-cell immunity in thyroid cancer is incompletely understood. We investigated the circulating neutrophil heterogeneity in 3 undifferentiated thyroid cancer (UTC), 14 differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) (4 Stage IV, 10 Stage I-II), and healthy controls (n = 10) by transcriptomic data and cytometry.

Accurate and rapid determination of metabolic flux by deep learning of isotope patterns.

All life forms operate metabolism in constant flux. Metabolic fluxes offer a direct readout of cellular state, detailing the rates and driving forces of metabolic pathways. However, indirect, iterative solvers for mapping isotope patterns from tracing experiments onto metabolic fluxes leave much of cellular state uncharted.

Sustainable metabolic engineering requires a perfect trifecta.

The versatility of cellular metabolism in converting various substrates to products inspires sustainable alternatives to conventional chemical processes. Metabolism can be engineered to maximize the yield, rate, and titer of product generation. However, the numerous combinations of substrate, product, and organism make metabolic engineering projects difficult to navigate.

Defining Terms Used for Animals Working in Support Roles for People with Support Needs.

The nomenclature used to describe animals working in roles supporting people can be confusing. The same term may be used to describe different roles, or two terms may mean the same thing. This confusion is evident among researchers, practitioners, and end users.

Integrative metabolic flux analysis reveals an indispensable dimension of phenotypes.

Complete understanding of a biological system requires quantitation of metabolic fluxes that reflect its dynamic state. Various analytical chemistry tools, enzyme-based probes, and microscopy enable flux measurement. However, any method alone falls short of comprehensive flux quantitation.