Unraveling the role of miRNAs in placental function: insights into trophoblast biology and pregnancy pathology.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal regulators of placental development and function, orchestrating critical processes such as trophoblast proliferation, differentiation, invasion, and vascular remodeling. By modulating diverse signaling pathways, these small non-coding RNAs help ensure proper placental formation and optimal maternal-fetal nutrients and gases exchange. Dysregulated miRNA expressions can profoundly affect placental biology, leading to complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and recurrent pregnancy loss.

Zika virus and the fetal-maternal interface: deciphering the mechanisms of placental infection and implications for pregnancy outcomes.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flavivirus primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. It has gained significant attention due to its potential teratogenic effects during pregnancy, particularly the increased risk of severe congenital outcomes such as microcephaly and fetal mortality. ZIKV's ability to breach the fetal-maternal interface and compromise placental function distinguishes it from other arboviruses.