Recommendations for interdisciplinary research collaboration for early career dissemination and implementation researchers: A multi-phase study.

Introduction: Dissemination and implementation (D&I) scientists are key members of collaborative, interdisciplinary clinical and translational research teams. Yet, early career D&I researchers (ECRs) have few guidelines for cultivating productive research collaborations. We developed recommendations for ECRs in D&I when serving as collaborators or co-investigators.

A Hybrid Implementation-Effectiveness Study of a Community Health Worker-Delivered Intervention to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in a Rural, Underserved Non-Hispanic Black Population: The CHANGE Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of the Carolina Heart Alliance Networking for Greater Equity (CHANGE) Program, an adapted evidence-based cardiovascular disease risk reduction intervention delivered by Community Health Workers (CHW) to rural adults.

Design: Hybrid implementation-effectiveness study with a pre-post design.

Setting: North Carolina Federally Qualified Health Center and local health department in a rural, medically underserved area.

Strengthening community-clinical linkages to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in rural NC: feasibility phase of the CHANGE study.

Background: Community Health Workers (CHW) are recommended for delivery of interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease, but there is insufficient evidence to guide implementation of CHW interventions in rural, medically underserved areas.

Methods: Using a hybrid implementation-effectiveness design, we evaluated the implementation and effectiveness of an adapted, evidence-based cardiovascular disease risk reduction intervention among rural high-risk adults. CHWs at a community health center and local health department recruited, enrolled and counseled participants during 4 monthly home visits and 3 brief phone contacts.

Reducing cardiovascular disease in a rural community.

In this case report, we describe the one-year formative phase of a five-year study to develop, implement, and test a community health worker (CHW)-delivered cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention intervention. The purpose of the formative phase was to engage community partners in the adaptation of an existing evidence-based CVD prevention intervention to fit the needs and preferences of a rural, predominantly African-American community. The formative work was guided by a framework for adapting evidence-based interventions and involved engaging stakeholders in assessing the intervention's fit with the local context and then applying assessment findings to iteratively adapt the intervention's contents, materials, and delivery methods.

Perifosine treatment in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results of a phase II clinical trial and in vitro studies.

Abstract Because of the importance of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), we evaluated in vitro cytotoxicity induced by perifosine, an AKT inhibitor, in CLL lymphocytes and found that the mean 50% effective dose (ED50) was 313 nM. We then performed a phase II trial of perifosine in patients with relapsed/refractory CLL to assess response, outcomes, toxicity and ex vivo correlative measures. After 3 months of treatment, six of eight patients showed stable disease, one achieved a partial response and one had progressive disease.

Racial differences in the association of CD14 polymorphisms with serum total IgE levels and allergen skin test reactivity.

Background: The CD14 C-159T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been investigated widely as a candidate genetic locus in patients with allergic disease. There are conflicting results for the association of the CD14 C-159T SNP with total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and atopy. There are limited data regarding the association of the CD14 C-159T SNP in subjects of African ancestry.

A TRPA1-dependent mechanism for the pungent sensation of weak acids.

Acetic acid produces an irritating sensation that can be attributed to activation of nociceptors within the trigeminal ganglion that innervate the nasal or oral cavities. These sensory neurons sense a diverse array of noxious agents in the environment, allowing animals to actively avoid tissue damage. Although receptor mechanisms have been identified for many noxious chemicals, the mechanisms by which animals detect weak acids, such as acetic acid, are less well understood.

Commentary: Comparison of current flow cytometry methods for monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis detection.

Monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is now recognized as the B-lymphocyte analogue of a monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance. MBL can be the precursor of chronic lymphocytic leukemia or associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It may be associated with an autoimmune abnormality or be related to aging (immunosenescence).

Monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis.

Monoclonal B lymphocytosis (MBL) is an asymptomatic clinical syndrome wherein small B cell clones are detectable in the peripheral blood. MBL is common in the adult population, with an estimated prevalence of greater than 3% among individuals over age 50. Most MBLs have an immunophenotype similar to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase expression and activity in the absence of germinal centers: insights into hyper-IgM syndrome.

Somatic hypermutation normally occurs as a consequence of the expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) by Ag-activated, mature B cells during T cell-dependent germinal center responses. Nonetheless, despite their inability to express CD154 and initiate GC responses, patients with type 1 hyper-IgM syndrome (HIGM1) support populations of IgM(+)IgD(+)CD27(+) B cells that express mutated Ig genes. The origin of these mutated B cells is unknown; the IgM(+)IgD(+)CD27(+) cells do not express AID and appear to acquire mutations independent of stringent selection by Ag.