Preventive and therapeutic impact of probiotic supplementation on behavior and inflammatory responses in the PTZ-induced chemical kindling in rats.

Introduction: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that affects the quality of life globally. Its pathophysiology involves disruptions in ion transport, excitatory-inhibitory imbalances, and regulatory systems. It has been shown that there is a crosstalk between the brain and the gut, where the brain influences the digestive system and the gut can affect brain functions and behavior.

Preventive impact of probiotic supplements on heart injury and inflammatory indices in a rat model of myocardial infarction: histopathological and gene expression evaluation.

Although there is a bulk of evidence on the favorable effect of probiotics on the cardiac system, their role in the management of myocardial infarction is not clear. Three viable probiotic bacterial strains, namely Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium lactis, were gavaged to the rats daily for 28 days prior to the induction of myocardial injury. Myocardial injury was induced by the use of isoproterenol (ISO) in the probiotics, control and sham groups.

The Effects of the Fraction Isolated from Iranian Scorpion Venom on Synaptic Plasticity, Learning, Memory, and Seizure Susceptibility.

Epilepsy, as a neurological disease, can be defined as frequent seizure attacks. Further, it affects many other aspects of patients' mental activities, such as learning and memory. Scorpion venoms have gained notice as compounds with potential antiepileptic properties.

Maternal and postweaning probiotic administration alleviated footshock-induced anxiety in both sexes of adolescent Balb/c mice.

: Effects of maternal probiotics administered during pregnancy as well as consumption by offspring in the post-weaning period on anxiety behavior were examined.: In addition to anxiety levels measured by EPM and OFT, the expression level of the hippocampal genes, and serum sex hormones in male and female mice that received foot shock stress were assayed in the pubertal period.: The results of this study showed that consumption of probiotics in the foot shock-stressed offspring in both sexes could significantly increase the length of stay in the EPM open arm compared to the control group, however, the offspring of the probiotic-treated dam did not.

Study of microplastics pollution in sediments and organisms in mangrove forests: A review.

Microplastics (MP) are an emerging and lesser-known pollutant that has attracted the attention of researchers around the world in recent decades. Size of PM is smaller than 5 mm and can be entered in different ways into marine environments like mangrove forests and interfere with the health of the environment and organisms. The present study reviews 53 studies in the field of microplastics in different parts (sediments and organisms) of mangrove forests.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of KW-2449 on Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: An Experimental Study on Mice.

Background: The KW-2449 is a novel multikinase inhibitor that inhibits FLT3, ABL, ABL-T315I, and Aurora A. FLT3 and Aurora A kinases play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). KW-2449 could modulate immune cells, but the immunomodulatory effects of KW-2449 on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) have not been investigated yet.

The Effects of G2013 (α-L-guluronic Acid) in a Pentylenetetrazole-induced Kindling Animal Model of Epilepsy.

Recent studies have reported observing antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties of α-L-Guluronic acid (G2013) in animal and human studies. It has been theorized that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of G2013 might be beneficial in epilepsy treatment. We sought to determine G2013's effects on epileptic activity in a kindling-induced animal model.

Probiotics and Nigella sativa extract supplementation improved behavioral and electrophysiological effects of PTZ-induced chemical kindling in rats.

Introduction: Epilepsy is a most common neurological disorder that has negative effects on cognition. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of Nigella sativa (NS) and probiotics on seizure activity, cognitive performance, and synaptic plasticity in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling model of epilepsy.

Methods: One hundred and forty-four rats were divided into 2 experiments: In experiment 1, animals were grouped and treated as follows: 1) control (PTZ + saline), 2) NS treatment, 3) probiotic treatment, and 4) NS and probiotic treatment.

The Effects of D-aspartate on Neurosteroids, Neurosteroid Receptors, and Inflammatory Mediators in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Objective: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a widely used model for multiple sclerosis. The present study has been designed to compare the efficiencies of oral and intraperitoneal (IP) administration of D-aspartate (D-Asp) on the onset and severity of EAE, the production of neurosteroids, and the expression of neurosteroid receptors and inflammatory mediators in the brain of EAE mice.

Methods: In this study, EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice treated with D-Asp orally (D-Asp-Oral) or by IP injection (D-Asp-IP).