Drug-induced regeneration of pancreatic beta cells: An approach to cellular therapeutic targets.

Diabetes mellitus is a common and serious metabolic disease globally, characterized by increased blood glucose levels. The major pathogenesis is the functional impairment of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas and the lack of insulin secretion. Although both type 1 and type 2 diabetes develop through distinct pathological mechanisms, they lead to the destruction and/or dysfunction of beta cells, resulting in inadequate beta cell mass to maintain normal blood glucose levels.

VNC-Dist: A machine learning-based semi-automated pipeline for quantification of neuronal position in the C. elegans ventral nerve cord.

The C. elegans ventral nerve cord (VNC) provides a genetically tractable model for investigating the developmental mechanisms involved in neuronal positioning and organization. The VNC of newly hatched larvae contains a set of 22 motoneurons organized into three distinct classes (DD, DA, and DB) that show consistent positioning and arrangement.

Microbiome on a chip: a promising technology for modeling of human organ microbiomes and their interactions.

The increasing knowledge of the makeup and role of organ microbiomes has created new possibilities for understanding and managing human illnesses. The models used for animal studies conducted in laboratory settings and live animals may not always offer the necessary insights. One cell culture system known as organ-on-a-chip technology has garnered interest as a way to collect data that accurately reflects human responses.

VNC-Dist: A machine learning-based semi-automated pipeline for quantification of neuronal positioning in the ventral nerve cord.

The ventral nerve cord (VNC) provides a simple model for investigating the developmental mechanisms involved in neuronal positioning and organization. The VNC of newly hatched larvae contains a set of 22 motoneurons organized into three distinct classes (DD, DA, and DB) that show consistent positioning and arrangement. This organization arises from the action of multiple convergent genetic pathways, which are poorly understood.

Circular RNA, A Molecule with Potential Chemistry and Applications in RNA-based Cancer Therapeutics: An Insight into Recent Advances.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional RNA molecules that do not code for proteins. Among these, circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a recently identified class of endogenous ncRNAs with a pivotal role in gene regulation, alongside short ncRNAs (e.g.

The State-of-the-Art Overview to Application of Deep Learning in Accurate Protein Design and Structure Prediction.

In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the scientific community's interest in rational protein design. The prospect of designing an amino acid sequence that can reliably fold into a desired three-dimensional structure and exhibit the intended function is captivating. However, a major challenge in this endeavor lies in accurately predicting the resulting protein structure.

SIRT1 activation attenuates palmitate induced apoptosis in CC muscle cells.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, which manifests mainly in skeletal muscles. SIRT1 has been found to play a role in the insulin signaling pathway. However, the molecular underpinnings of SIRT1's function in palmitate fatty acid-induced apoptosis still need to be better understood.

Hyaluronic acid/silicon nanoparticle scaffold induces proliferation and differentiation of mouse spermatogonial stem cells transplanted to epididymal adipose tissue.

Spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) are a unique cell population maintaining male spermatogenesis during life, through their potential for proliferation and differentiation. The application of silicon nanoparticles (SNs) and hyaluronic acid (HA) to induce the differentiation of SSCs seems promising. Herein, we investigate the effect of SN and HA scaffolds on the progression of SSCs spermatogenesis in mice.

Simultaneous electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of human brain function.

Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) have long been used as tools to examine brain activity. Since both methods are very sensitive to changes of synaptic activity, simultaneous recording of EEG and fMRI can provide both high temporal and spatial resolution. Therefore, the two modalities are now integrated into a hybrid tool, EEG-fMRI, which encapsulates the useful properties of the two.