The Relationship Between pH, Organic Matter and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Surface Sediment of Ganga River, India.

This study investigates the influence of pH and organic matter (OM) on the concentrations of potential toxic elements, that is, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn metals in the surface sediments of the Ganga River. The research explores the interaction between sediment properties and metal contamination in a 225-km stretch of the river in Uttar Pradesh, India, where industrial, agricultural, and domestic pollution contribute to heavy metal accumulation. Surface sediments act as reservoirs for these metals, influencing their mobility, bioavailability, and toxicity.