Publications by authors named "S A Pyankov"
Article Synopsis
- - The vaccinia virus has been historically used as a smallpox vaccine, but due to its reactogenicity, WHO recommended discontinuation after smallpox was eradicated, leading to a rise in orthopoxvirus infections, notably the 2022 monkeypox epidemic.
- - Researchers developed modified VACV strains, LAD and LADA, with specific genetic alterations to reduce reactogenicity while enhancing the immune response compared to the original L strain.
- - Both LAD and LADA strains demonstrated superior cellular immune responses and higher levels of VACV-specific IgG in vaccinated mice, indicating their potential as safer and more effective vaccines against orthopoxvirus infections.
Article Synopsis
- The 2022 monkeypox epidemic highlighted the need for smallpox vaccinations, particularly for high-risk groups.
- Modern vaccination methods include intramuscular and skin scarification (s.s.), but intradermal (i.d.) delivery might provide better immune responses.
- A study comparing s.s. and i.d. routes in mice showed that i.d. injection led to higher antibody production and stronger immunity against cowpox, making it a more effective vaccination method.
The State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "VECTOR" of the Federal Service for the Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare (Rospotrebnadzor) has developed the peptide-based EpiVacCorona vaccine, which is the first synthetic peptide-based antiviral vaccine for mass immunization in international vaccinology. An early clinical trial (Phase I-II) demonstrated that the EpiVacCorona vaccine is a safe product. The "Multicenter double-blind, placebo-controlled, comparative, randomized trial to assess the tolerability, safety, immunogenicity and prophylactic efficacy of the EpiVacCorona COVID-19 vaccine based on peptide antigens in 3000 volunteers aged 18 years and older" was performed regarding vaccine safety.
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- The monkeypox virus outbreak outside Africa in 2022 has highlighted the urgent need for immunization, which could be achieved using a first-generation smallpox vaccine licensed in Russia.
- Current guidelines recommend transepidermal inoculation (skin scarification), but this method has reliability issues, prompting the exploration of intradermal (i.d.) injection as an alternative vaccination technique.
- A study compared these two methods in mice, finding no significant difference in antibody responses, but a stronger T-cell immune response with i.d. injection; both methods provided protection against cowpox, while i.d. immunization resulted in a 50% survival rate against a lethal strain of ectromelia virus.
Article Synopsis
- Yellow fever (YF) is a significant infectious disease, with concerns heightened in Russia due to the presence of vectors and the availability of a live vaccine, prompting the need for effective antibody detection methods.
- Researchers aimed to create a diagnostic kit using ELISA to identify specific IgG antibodies to the yellow fever virus (YFV) E protein.
- The study successfully developed this method, confirming its effectiveness and establishing optimal conditions for antibody detection, which could improve diagnostic capabilities for YF.