Infrapatellar fat pad fibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is associated with male sex, high body mass index, prolonged operation time and articular cartilage damage, with detrimental effects on one-year clinical outcomes.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the risk factors of infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) fibrosis and the associations between the degree of IFP fibrosis and clinical outcomes in patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: A total of 97 patients who underwent primary ACLR using autologous hamstring tendons were divided into the mild fibrosis group (M group) and severe fibrosis group (S group), based on IFP fibrosis scoring (Grades 0-5) on magnetic resonance imaging at 3 months postoperatively. Clinical outcomes at 1 year postoperatively were compared between groups.

Synthesis, structure, and properties of twisted π-conjugated molecules featuring three-dimensional π-π interactions in solid states.

Thiophene-containing twisted π-conjugated molecules were synthesized by introducing methyl groups to sterically hindered positions. Three-dimensional π-π stacking was observed in the solid state, and the hole-transporting ability up to 1.85 × 10 cm V s was confirmed by constructing field effect transistor devices.

Long-Term Postoperative Outcomes by Surgeon Gender and Patient-Surgeon Gender Concordance in the US.

Importance: Evidence suggests that physician gender and patient-physician gender concordance have the potential to improve patient outcomes, especially for female patients. However, whether long-term outcomes differ by surgeon gender and patient-surgeon gender concordance has not been studied in the US.

Objective: To compare long-term postoperative outcomes by surgeon gender and patient-surgeon gender concordance.

Anesthesia Complications and Considerations with Hand and Wrist Surgery.

Anesthesia has become very safe. Numerous anesthetic options for hand and wrist surgery exist. Optimizing patient outcomes can be achieved more reliably when anesthesiologists and surgeons collaborate to better understand the surgical and patient-related needs for anesthesia.

30 second screening test and education reduce chronic pain incidence after blood donation: Large prospective observational study from Japan.

Venipuncture is a commonly performed procedure to obtain blood for testing or donation, but nerve injuries with persistent or chronic pain can occasionally occur. We implemented Phalen elbow flexion shoulder abduction (PEFSA) test to screen potential blood donors who may be at risk for persistent or chronic nerve pain after blood donation. Data were prospectively collected on all blood donors at Red Cross centers in Kansai area of Japan for 5 years prior to PEFSA test implementation, and then for 2 years after test implementation.

Steep medial posterior tibial slope angle and ramp lesion are independent risk factors for an increase in quantitatively measured pivot shift in patients with ACL-deficient knees.

Background: Delayed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction often causes residual anterolateral rotatory instability (ALRI) and consequent knee osteoarthritis, warranting the recommendation of early ACL reconstruction within 6 months after injury. Nonetheless, some cases show notable instability, even shortly after injury. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for an increase in quantitatively measured pivot shift in patients with ACL-deficient knees within 6 months after injury.

Distal Scaphoid Excision and Dermal Allograft Interposition in a Professional Athlete: Long-term Follow-up.

Scaphoid nonunion occurs in 10%-15% of scaphoid fractures, potentially resulting in scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse. Distal scaphoid excision without allograft interposition is a known treatment, but can result in loss of carpal height and pain. This report describes the application of human acellular dermal matrix as an interposition graft after distal scaphoid excision for stage I scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse.

Outcomes of Patients Receiving Proximal Row Carpectomy and Meniscus Interposition Allografts for the Treatment of End-Stage Wrist Arthritis: A Comparative Study.

Background: Proximal row carpectomy (PRC) is a mainstay of wrist arthritis treatment; however, it is traditionally contraindicated in patients with an affected capitate. The use of soft tissue interposition grafts to resurface the radiocapitate articulation has been previously described to allow for PRC in these patients. In the current study, we reviewed our outcomes using knee meniscus allograft interposition to resurface the radiocapitate articulation in patients who would have otherwise been contraindicated for PRC.

Orthopaedic Surgery and Indusry: What our Potential Patients Believe.

Purpose: Physician and surgeon involvement in industry has received considerable attention in recent decades. In this study, we outline the perspective of the general US population regarding (1) disclosure, (2) ownership, and (3) compensation between physicians/surgeons and industry. We hypothesize that the general population would be largely supportive of the physician/surgeon-industry relationship.

Presoaking Grafts in Vancomycin Does Not Impair Graft-Bone Healing in a Rat Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Model.

Background: The vancomycin presoaking technique (wherein grafts are treated with a vancomycin solution [VS] for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction [ACLR]) reduces the infection rate after ACLR. However, the effects of this technique on graft-bone healing have not been fully elucidated.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of vancomycin presoaking on graft-bone healing in a rat ACLR model.

An Uncommon Case of Upper-Extremity Mucormycosis in a Patient With Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Upper-extremity mucormycosis is a rare, life-threatening fungal infection mainly affecting immunocompromised patients. We report a case of a 30-year-old woman with acute myelogenous leukemia who developed this infection during her hospital stay. The culprit was Mucorales, a subgroup of Zygomycetes species known for fast-progressing, highly lethal infections.

Association of Infrapatellar Fat Pad Fibrosis at 3 Months After ACL Reconstruction With Short-term Clinical Outcomes and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in the Synovial Fluid.

Background: Infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) fibrosis is reportedly associated with anterior knee pain and the progression of patellofemoral osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, causes of IFP fibrosis after ACLR have not been sufficiently investigated.

Purpose: To compare the descriptive characteristics, clinical outcomes, and inflammatory cytokine levels in the synovial fluid between patients who underwent ACLR with versus without severe IFP fibrosis.

iPSC-derived tenocytes seeded on microgrooved 3D printed scaffolds for Achilles tendon regeneration.

Tendons and ligaments have a poor innate healing capacity, yet account for 50% of musculoskeletal injuries in the United States. Full structure and function restoration postinjury remains an unmet clinical need. This study aimed to assess the application of novel three dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) overexpressing the transcription factor Scleraxis (SCX, iMSC ) as a new strategy for tendon defect repair.

Over 90% of Childhood BCG Vaccine-Induced Keloids in Japan Occur in Women.

Introduction: Keloids are a fibroproliferative, multifactorial, cutaneous disorder whose pathophysiology is not completely understood. Various factors such as high blood pressure, pregnancy, female gender, mechanical tension of local sites, and prolonged wound healing are known to worsen keloids. Childhood-onset keloids are keloids that form before 10 years of age, before various factors in adulthood come into play, and thus studying childhood-onset keloids may provide additional insight into the underlying mechanisms that lead to keloid formation.

Discrepancy between Radiographic and Arthroscopic Findings of Thumb Basilar Joint Arthritis: A Preliminary Clinical Report.

Unlabelled: The radiographic staging of arthritic changes in the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint is known to have poor correlation with pain level. This may be due to the limited ability of radiographs to evaluate degenerative changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between radiographic versus arthroscopic findings of thumb CMC and scaphotrapeziotrapezoidal (STT) joint arthritis.

Collaborative Virtual Screening Identifies a 2-Aryl-4-aminoquinazoline Series with Efficacy in an Model of Infection.

Probing multiple proprietary pharmaceutical libraries in parallel via virtual screening allowed rapid expansion of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) around hit compounds with moderate efficacy against , the causative agent of Chagas Disease. A potency-improving scaffold hop, followed by elaboration of the SAR via design guided by the output of the phenotypic virtual screening efforts, identified two promising hit compounds and , which were profiled further in pharmacokinetic studies and in an model of infection. Compound demonstrated clear reduction of parasitemia in the setting, confirming the interest in this series of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinazolines as potential anti-trypanosome treatments.

[Corporate Efforts to Research and Develop Therapeutic Agents for Infectious Diseases That Threaten Human].

Overcoming serious infectious diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, and other neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that threaten human life around the world is an important issue in global health. Most of these diseases are concentrated in developing and low-income countries, and in order to reinforce drug discovery activities, pharmaceutical companies are actively promoting industry-academia-government partnerships and utilizing funds to stimulate global health activities. In this presentation, three examples of our drug discovery activities are introduced.

Do Proposed Quality Measures for Carpal Tunnel Release Reveal Important Quality Gaps and Are They Reliable?

Background: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons recently proposed quality measures for the initial surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). One measure addressed avoidance of adjunctive surgical procedures during carpal tunnel release; and a second measure addressed avoidance of routine use of clinic-based occupational and/or physical therapy (OT/PT) after carpal tunnel release. However, for quality measures to serve their intended purposes, they must be tested in real-world data to establish that gaps in quality exist and that the measures yield reliable performance information.

Collaborative virtual screening to elaborate an imidazo[1,2-]pyridine hit series for visceral leishmaniasis.

An innovative pre-competitive virtual screening collaboration was engaged to validate and subsequently explore an imidazo[1,2-]pyridine screening hit for visceral leishmaniasis. probing of five proprietary pharmaceutical company libraries enabled rapid expansion of the hit chemotype, alleviating initial concerns about the core chemical structure while simultaneously improving antiparasitic activity and selectivity index relative to the background cell line. Subsequent hit optimization informed by the structure-activity relationship enabled by this virtual screening allowed thorough investigation of the pharmacophore, opening avenues for further improvement and optimization of the chemical series.

Metacarpal shaft fixation: a biomechanical comparison of dorsal plating, lag screws, and headless compression screws.

Background: Metacarpal shaft fractures are common and can be treated nonoperatively. Shortening, angulation, and rotational deformity are indications for surgical treatment. Various forms of treatment with advantages and disadvantages have been documented.