Multimorbidity patterns and prevalence among geriatric patients in Japanese hospital dentistry.

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of multimorbidity of a hospital dental patients with high rates of aging in Japan and to identify multimorbidity patterns in older patients (aged 65 years and older) through cluster analysis. As the population ages, the number of patients with multimorbidity is rising, highlighting the need for efficient allocation of dental resources and collaboration with other healthcare professionals. However, the prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in older dental patients have not yet been reported.

Social factors affecting home-based end-of-life care for patients with cancer and primary caregivers.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the social factors of patients and caregivers, including those related to their wishes for home-based end-of-life care that influence its fulfillment.

Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted using the dataset (home-based end-of-life care N = 625, hospital end-of-life care N = 7603) Comprehensive patient-based survey conducted by The Study on Quality Evaluation of Hospice and Palliative Care by Bereaved Caregivers (J-HOPE 4) and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression) to explore the impact of social factors of patients and caregivers on the fulfillment of home-based end-of-life care. The explanatory variables included 11 social factors of patients, such as age and sex, and 18 social factors of primary caregivers.

Visceral Obesity and a High Glasgow Prognostic Score Are Key Prognostic Factors for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated with First Line Chemotherapy.

Objectives: The prognostic significance of a high visceral fat area (VFA) in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains unclear. We evaluated the prognostic impact of high-VFA on the long-term outcomes of patients with mCRC who underwent chemotherapy.

Methods: Ninety patients with metastatic CRC who underwent chemotherapy were included.

Trifunctional fatty acid derivatives: the impact of diazirine placement.

Functionalized lipid probes are a critical new tool to interrogate the function of individual lipid species, but the structural parameters that constrain their utility have not been thoroughly described. Here, we synthesize three palmitic acid derivatives with a diazirine at different positions on the acyl chain and examine their metabolism, subcellular localization, and protein interactions. We demonstrate that while they produce very similar metabolites and subcellular distributions, probes with the diazirine at either end pulldown distinct subsets of proteins after photo-crosslinking.

Trifunctional fatty acid derivatives demonstrate the impact of diazirine placement.

Functionalized lipid probes are a critical new tool to interrogate the function of individual lipid species, but the structural parameters that constrain their utility have not been thoroughly described. Here, we synthesize three palmitic acid derivatives with a diazirine at different positions on the acyl chain and examine their metabolism, subcellular localization, and protein interactions. We demonstrate that while they produce very similar metabolites and subcellular distributions, probes with the diazirine at either end pulldown distinct subsets of proteins after photo-crosslinking.

Hybrid Small-Molecule/Protein Fluorescent Probes.

Hybrid small-molecule/protein fluorescent probes are powerful tools for visualizing protein localization and function in living cells. These hybrid probes are constructed by diverse site-specific chemical protein labeling approaches through chemical reactions to exogenous peptide/small protein tags, enzymatic post-translational modifications, bioorthogonal reactions for genetically incorporated unnatural amino acids, and ligand-directed chemical reactions. The hybrid small-molecule/protein fluorescent probes are employed for imaging protein trafficking, conformational changes, and bioanalytes surrounding proteins.

Rational Design of Hydroxylated Thiazole Orange Photocages for Green Light-Triggered DNA Recombination.

The precise control of DNA recombination enables the cell- or time-dependent regulation of gene expression in studies of gene function. Caged estrogen receptor ligands combined with a Cre-ERT2/loxP system are useful tools for light-triggered DNA recombination. However, the photolysis of most caged compounds requires ultraviolet or blue light, which is toxic and displays low tissue penetration.

Relationship Between SGLT2 Inhibitors and Hemoglobin Levels: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Background/aim: Diabetes mellitus is a risk for subsequent nephrogenic anemia due to accelerated decline in renal function, and the global diabetic population continues to grow exponentially. In clinical studies, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, one of the drugs used to treat diabetes, have recently attracted attention as anemia suppressors, but there is still lack of evidence on this matter. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitor administration on anemia suppression using hemoglobin (Hb) levels as an indicator.

Efficient visible/NIR light-driven uncaging of hydroxylated thiazole orange-based caged compounds in aqueous media.

In photoactivation strategies with bioactive molecules, one-photon visible or two-photon near-infrared light-sensitive caged compounds are desirable tools for biological applications because they offer reduced phototoxicity and deep tissue penetration. However, visible-light-sensitive photoremovable protecting groups (PPGs) reported so far have displayed high hydrophobicity and low uncaging cross sections ( < 50) in aqueous media, which can obstruct the control of bioactivity with high spatial and temporal precision. In this study, we developed hydroxylated thiazole orange (HTO) derivatives as visible-light-sensitive PPGs with high uncaging cross sections ( ≈ 370) in aqueous solution.

An Acid-Activatable Fluorescence Probe for Imaging Osteocytic Bone Resorption Activity in Deep Bone Cavities.

A rationally designed pH-activatable fluorescent probe (pHocas-RIS) has been used to measure localised pH levels in osteocytic lacunae in bone tissue. Conjugation of the moderate bone-binding drug risedronate to a pH-activatable BODIPY fluorophore enables the probe to penetrate osteocytic lacunae cavities that are embedded deep within the bone matrix. After injection of pHocas-RIS, any osteocytic lacunae caused by bone-resorbing osteocytes cause the probe to fluoresce in vivo, thus allowing imaging by intravital two-photon excitation microscopy.