Progression of Follicular Thyroid Carcinomas to Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinomas: Molecular and Clinicopathologic Characteristics with Comparison to Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma-Derived Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinomas.

Although anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs) typically arise from papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs) can also progress to ATCs; however, histologically confirmed FTC-derived ATCs are relatively uncommon and remain poorly characterized. To clarify this phenomenon, we analyzed eight FTC-derived ATCs and compared them with 11 PTC-derived ATCs. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was conducted on the differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and ATC components within the same tumors to examine mutational profiles; three additional cases underwent FoundationOne® testing.

Proposal for including risk of malignancy and clinical management in the Japanese system for reporting thyroid cytopathology - A multi-institutional study.

Objective: The Japanese System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (JSRTC) does not include the risks of malignancies (ROMs) or recommended clinical management. This multi-institutional study aimed to determine the frequency, re-aspiration rate, resection rate, ROM, and clinical management options in seven different categories.

Material And Methods: For 15,495 cases of thyroid fine-needle aspiration performed at seven Japanese institutions without molecular testing, the frequency, re-aspiration rate, resection rate, ROM, and clinical management options of each diagnostic category were examined.

Clinical Significance of Successful Ablation in Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) patients who received postoperative ablation, the predictive factors for successful ablation, and the association between successful ablation and the clinical outcomes of FTC.

Patients: The study included 428 patients with FTC (216 in ablation group and 212 in observation group). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors independently associated with successful ablation.

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of histological subtypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma in pediatric patients.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological features and prognosis of histological subtypes of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in the pediatric population treated at a single institution. A total of 153 PTC patients ≤18 years of age who underwent initial surgery between 1979 and 2019 were investigated. There were 135 female and 18 male patients, with a mean age at the time of surgery of 16 (range, 8-18) years.

Occurrence of Newly Diagnosed Thyroid Cancer Is Not Increased After Radioactive Iodine Therapy for Graves' Disease.

Purpose: The purpose was to investigate i) whether the occurrence of newly diagnosed thyroid cancer is increased after radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) for Graves' disease (GD), and ii) whether thyroid cancer following RAIT has poor prognosis.

Methods: i) A total of 13,874 eligible patients diagnosed with untreated GD were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence rates of newly developed thyroid cancer by each treatment method for GD was evaluated using the person-year method.

Analysis of immediate 503 thyroid carcinoma deaths: trend of single institution in 2005-2024.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the changes in histological types and causes of death associated with thyroid carcinoma (TC) before and after the introduction of systemic drug therapy.

Methods: The records of 503 deceased patients treated for TC and with death from TC between January 2005 and June 2024 were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to assess whether the number of patients with anaplastic TC (ATC) at diagnosis and the number of local-related deaths changed before and after the introduction of lenvatinib (i.

Management of follicular thyroid carcinoma.

Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common histological type of thyroid carcinoma. This review aims to summarize the available evidence and guidelines and provide an updated consensus regarding the management of FTC. The cytoarchitectural features of FTC are similar to those of follicular adenoma (FA), and it is difficult to preoperatively distinguish between FA and FTC.

Role of the Degree of Vascular Invasion in Predicting Prognosis of Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objective: The present study investigated the prognostic factors for follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) with the incorporation of the histologic subtype and degree of vascular invasion (VI).

Patients: The records of 474 patients with FTC confirmed by surgical specimens at Ito Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014 were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine factors associated with disease-free survival (DFS) and distant metastasis-free survival.

New Insights on the Importance of the Extent of Vascular Invasion in Widely Invasive Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between the extent of vascular invasion (VI) and the outcome of widely invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma (WI-FTC).

Methods: The records of 107 patients with WI-FTC confirmed by surgical specimens from January 2005 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Among the 107 patients with WI-FTC, those with a VI of < 4 (n = 62) and ≥ 4 (n = 45) had a 10 year cause-specific survival (CSS) rate of 97.

Three-dimensional structural analysis of papillary thyroid carcinoma nuclei with serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM).

Nuclear morphology of carcinoma cells is critical for the pathological diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, three-dimensional architecture of PTC nuclei is still elusive. In this study, we analyzed the three-dimensional ultrastructure of PTC nuclei using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy which takes advantage of the high-throughput acquisition of serial electron microscopic images and three-dimensional reconstruction of subcellular structures.

Evaluation of factors predicting postoperative recurrence and metastasis of parathyroid cancer: a single-center study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the postoperative clinical course of parathyroid carcinoma to determine factors that predict postoperative recurrence and distant metastasis.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 38 patients with parathyroid carcinoma who received surgical intervention at Itoh Hospital between 1979 and 2020. Clinicopathologic characteristics (age, sex, intact PTH, serum Ca level, operation type, parathyroid weight, parathyroid size, histopathologic findings: vascular invasion, capsular invasion, necrosis, histological type, and Ki-67 staining) were used.

Primary Thyroid Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) Is Clinically, Prognostically, and Molecularly Different from Sclerosing MEC with Eosinophilia: A Multicenter and Integrated Study.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and sclerosing MEC with eosinophilia (SMECE) are rare primary thyroid carcinomas. In this study, we aimed to present our multicenter series of MEC and SMECE and integrated our data with published literature to further investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognoses of these tumors. We found 2 MECs and 4 SMECEs in our multicenter archives.

Impact of Local Control on Clinical Course in Stage IVC Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: The present study investigated the association between local resection and cause of death in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) patients with stage IVC disease.

Methods: A total of 54 ATC patients with stage IVC disease were included in the study. Information including patient characteristics, laboratory data including complete blood count, treatment, and death were collected for analysis.

The Mediation Role of Thyrotropin Receptor Antibody in the Relationship Between Age and Severity of Hyperthyroidism in Graves' Disease.

The severity of hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease (GD) has been reported to be worse in younger patients and to gradually improve with advancing age, accompanied by declining thyrotropin (TSH) receptor antibody (TRAb) values. This study was conducted to explore the extent to which the declining TRAb production may contribute to a decrease in severe hyperthyroidism with advancing age in patients with GD. This study was a cross-sectional analysis of retrospectively reviewed data.

Expression of T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Immune checkpoint proteins have not been fully examined in follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive carcinomas. Even multimodal treatment does not result in favorable clinical outcomes for patients with ATC.

Preoperative inflammatory markers for predicting parathyroid carcinoma.

Objective: Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare tumor among parathyroid tumors. Aspiration cytology and needle biopsy are generally not recommended for diagnostic purposes because they cause dissemination. Therefore, it is commonly diagnosed by postoperative histopathological examination.

Substantial improvement of histopathological diagnosis by whole-slide image-based remote consultation.

Consultation by subspecialty experts is the most common mode of rendering diagnosis in challenging cases in pathological practice. Our study aimed to highlight the diagnostic benefits of whole-slide image (WSI)-based remote consultation. We obtained diagnostically challenging cases from two institutions from the years 2010 and 2013, with histological diagnoses that contained keywords "probable," "suggestive," "suspicious," "inconclusive," and "uncertain.

The Relationship Between Primary Thyroid Lymphoma and Various Types of Thyroid Autoimmunity: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 498 Cases, Including 9 Cases with Graves' Disease.

Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is known to develop mostly in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), and it is rare for it to develop in patients with Graves' disease (GD). The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical features, pathological findings, and long-term outcomes of PTL patients, grouped according to the presence of GD, HT, or no autoimmune thyroid disease (AITDs). The GD group was of major interest due to limited knowledge of the relationship with PTL.

Encapsulated Angioinvasive Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma: Prognostic Impact of the Extent of Vascular Invasion.

Background: Previous studies have reported an association between four or more foci of vascular invasion (VI) and thyroid cancer prognosis, while the current study aimed to investigate the association between extent of VI and outcome of encapsulated angioinvasive follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC).

Methods: The records of 303 patients with encapsulated angioinvasive FTC confirmed by surgical specimens at Ito Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Thirteen patients had distant metastasis at diagnosis and were classified as M1.

Clinical course and outcome of differentiated thyroid cancer patients with pregnancy after diagnosis of distant metastasis.

Purpose: There is no sufficient data about the clinical course and outcome in thyroid cancer patients who become pregnant after diagnosis of distant metastasis (DM). The current study was conducted to collect information regarding the clinical and reproductive characteristics, and outcomes in thyroid cancer patients who became pregnant after being diagnosed with DM.

Methods: Records of 125 differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients with age ≤45 years at DM diagnosis who had visited Ito Hospital from January 2005 to June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.