Factors associated with optic disc parameters and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in 8-year-old children: The Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (cpRNFL) and optic disc parameters and associated factors in 8-year-old Japanese children who participated in the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).

Subjects And Methods: The participants in this study were 559 8-year-old Japanese children (277 boys and 282 girls) who participated in the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of JECS at the University of Yamanashi from June 2021 to March 2022. The visual acuity, spherical equivalent (SE), and axial length (AL) of the participants were measured.

Anterior Chamber Configuration and Its Related Factors Among 8-Year-Old Children in the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

: This study aims to examine the anterior chamber structure and related factors in 8-year-old children based on data from The Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). : A total of 709 children aged 8 years (350 boys and 359 girls) who participated in the JECS Adjunct Study were included. The right eyes were primarily used for measurements.

Local Postprocedural Cryoprevention Significantly Reduces the Incidence of Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) is a common, potentially serious adverse event of ERCP. Although rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are recommended for prevention, their use in Japan is limited due to dosage concerns. This multicenter randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of ice water irrigation to the papilla in reducing PEP.

Marked Genome Reduction Driven by a Parasitic Lifestyle: Two Complete Genomes of Endosymbiotic Bacteria Possibly Hosted by a Dinoflagellate.

Bacteria with endosymbiotic lifestyles often show marked genome reduction. While the shrinkage of genomes in intracellular symbionts of animals, including parasitic bacteria, has been extensively exami-ned, less is known about symbiotic bacteria associated with single-celled eukaryotes. We herein report the genomes of two novel gammaproteobacterial lineages, RS3 and XS4, identified as putative parasitic endosymbionts of the dinoflagellate Citharistes regius.

n. sp.: a novel predatory flagellate illuminates the character evolution within the eukaryotic clade CRuMs.

Culturing protists offers a powerful approach to exploring eukaryotic diversity, especially for deep-branching lineages. In this study, we cultured and described a novel protist species, named n sp. within the poorly studied and unclassified genus .

Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Ancyromonads Provide Clues for the Gene Content and Genome Structures of Ancestral Mitochondria.

Mitochondria of eukaryotic cells are direct descendants of an endosymbiotic bacterium related to Alphaproteobacteria. These organelles retain their own genomes, which are highly reduced and divergent when compared to those of their bacterial relatives. To better understand the trajectory of mitochondrial genome evolution from the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) to extant species, mitochondrial genome sequences from phylogenetically diverse lineages of eukaryotes-particularly protists-are essential.

Retinal structure and related factors in 8-year-old Japanese children: The Yamanashi adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among retinal/choroidal structures and associated factors in 8-year-old Japanese children who participated in the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).

Methods: This was a study of 557 8-year-old Japanese children (274 boys, 283 girls) who participated in the JECS at the University of Yamanashi from June 2021 to March 2022. The visual acuity, spherical equivalent (SE), axial length (AL), and body height of the participants were measured.

Clipping closure length is a crucial factor for delayed bleeding after endoscopic papillectomy: a retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Background: Bleeding is a serious and frequent adverse event that occurs during and after endoscopic papillectomy (EP). Previous studies have highlighted the effectiveness of preventive clipping closure of the resection site in preventing post-EP bleeding. However, the optimal length of closure remained unclear.

Efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided radiofrequency ablation of small pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A prospective, pilot study.

Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided radiofrequency ablation has recently been introduced as one of the management strategies for small pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs). However, prospective data on its safety and efficacy remain limited.

Methods: This prospective pilot study was conducted at Okayama University Hospital from May 2023 to December 2024.

Risk factors and treatment strategies for cholecystitis after metallic stent placement for malignant biliary obstruction: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background And Aims: Cholecystitis can occur after self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement for malignant biliary obstruction (MBO), but the best treatment option for cholecystitis has not been determined. Here, we aimed to identify the risk factors of cholecystitis after SEMS placement and determine the best treatment option.

Methods: Incidence, treatments, and predictive factors of cholecystitis were retrospectively evaluated in 1084 patients with distal MBO (DMBO) and 353 patients with hilar MBO (HMBO) who underwent SEMS placement at 12 institutions from January 2012 to March 2021.

Gleaning Euglenozoa-specific DNA polymerases in public single-cell transcriptome data.

Multiple genes encoding family A DNA polymerases (famA DNAPs), which are evolutionary relatives of DNA polymerase I (PolI) in bacteria and phages, have been found in eukaryotic genomes, and many of these proteins are used mainly in organelles. Among members of the phylum Euglenozoa, distinct types of famA DNAP, PolIA, PolIBCD+, POP, and eugPolA, have been found. It is intriguing how the suite of famA DNAPs had been established during the evolution of Euglenozoa, but the DNAP data have not been sampled from the taxa that sufficiently represent the diversity of this phylum.

[Venous thromboembolism and risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing chemotherapy].

Among various types of cancers, pancreatic cancer is known to be prone to venous thromboembolism (VTE). We investigated the complication rate of VTE and risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing chemotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 51 patients with pancreatic cancer who had undergone chemotherapy at our hospital from January 2016 to March 2021, had their D-dimer levels measured at the initial visit, and had undergone venous ultrasonography if D-dimer levels were elevated.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors in the duodenum show increased contrast enhancement compared with those in the stomach on computed tomography.

Duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (D-GISTs) are a rare and relatively small subset of GISTs whose imaging features are not well known. The present study aimed to evaluate the enhancement pattern of D-GISTs compared with that of gastric GISTs (G-GISTs) using dynamic computed tomography. This single-center, retrospective, clinicopathological analysis was conducted on 10 patients with D-GISTs who underwent surgery between June 2006 and October 2018.

Effect of ice water injection toward the duodenal papilla for preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis: study protocol for a multicenter, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial (EUTOPIA study).

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an essential procedure in the diagnosis and treatment of biliopancreatic diseases. The most common adverse event of ERCP is post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), which can sometimes be severe. Our previous study suggested that injecting ice water at the end of ERCP suppressed PEP, and we decided to investigate this effect in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Accuracy of Endoscopic Transpapillary Gallbladder Drainage with Liquid-Based Cytology for Gallbladder Disease.

Introduction: Gallbladder carcinoma is often difficult to distinguish from benign gallbladder diseases. While the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage (ETGD) has been reported, these results were obtained retrospectively. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the cytological diagnostic accuracy of ETGD in patients with gallbladder disease.

Descending thoracic aorta-abdominal aortic bypass and bilateral renal arterial blood circulation reconstruction are effective in atypical coarctation of the aorta with heart failure: a case report.

Background: There are a lot of reports of the renal failure and heart failure due to coarctation of the aorta. However, there are no case reports in which revascularization dramatically improved left ventricular function in patients with progressive decline in left ventricular function. Herein, we present a rare case in which the left ventricular function was dramatically improved by surgical treatment for progressive left ventricular dysfunction due to atypical coarctation of the aorta.

Case Report: Disappearance of Coronary Anastomotic Aneurysm by Steroid Therapy in Takayasu Arteritis: Pseudorepair of Pseudoaneurysm?

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a large vessel vasculitis of unknown etiology characterized by chronic inflammatory changes of the aorta and its major branches. Complications such as anastomotic aneurysm and valve detachment have been reported in active TA patients who received aortic valve replacement and graft replacement of aorta. A 61-year-old man with a history of emergency aortic valve replacement and patch closure of the noncoronary sinus of Valsalva due to acute heart failure induced by acute aortic regurgitation and ruptured sinus of Valsalva 4 years ago was referred for exertional dyspnea.

A case of a giant pulmonary artery aneurysm due to an atrial septal defect with left main coronary artery occlusion.

Cases of coronary artery occlusion due to the exclusion of pulmonary artery aneurysm are extremely rare, and there are few reports of surgical treatment. A 60-year-old woman with pulmonary hypertension due to an atrial septal defect and obstruction of the left main coronary trunk due to the exclusion of a giant pulmonary artery aneurysm underwent surgery. The surgery included atrial septal defect closure, tricuspid annulus plasty, pulmonary artery aneurysmorrhaphy, and coronary artery bypass grafting.

Signs of the plastid: Enzymes involved in plastid-localized metabolic pathways in a eugregarine species.

Apicomplexa mainly comprises parasitic species and some of them, which infect and cause severe diseases to humans and livestock, have been extensively studied due to the clinical and industrial importance. Besides, apicomplexans are a popular subject of the studies focusing on the evolution initiated by a secondary loss of photosynthesis. By interpreting the position in the tree of eukaryotes and lifestyles of the phylogenetic relatives parsimoniously, the extant apicomplexans are predicted to be the descendants of a parasite bearing a non-photosynthetic (cryptic) plastid.

Successful Endovascular Repair of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in a Patient with a Horseshoe Kidney and Accessory Renal Arteries Using an Aortic Cuff to Prevent Type II Endoleak.

A 78-year-old man presented with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and a horseshoe kidney coexisting with accessory renal arteries. We performed surgical treatment with endovascular aneurysm repair, sacrificing the accessory renal arteries. We used an aortic cuff to prevent a type II endoleak from the inferior mesenteric and accessory renal arteries.

Antiatherosclerotic Phenotype of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Surrounding the Saphenous Vein in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Background Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is associated with metabolically driven chronic inflammation called metaflammation, which contributes to vascular function and the pathogenesis of vascular disease. The saphenous vein (SV) is commonly used as an essential conduit in coronary artery bypass grafting, but the long-term patency of SV grafts is a crucial issue. The use of the novel "no-touch" technique of SV harvesting together with its surrounding tissue has been reported to result in good long‑term graft patency of SV grafts.

Estimation Model for Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest Time to Predict Risk in Total Arch Replacement.

Background: We created an estimation model for hypothermic circulatory arrest time and analyzed the risk factors for major adverse outcomes in total arch replacement.

Methods: This study involved 272 patients who underwent total arch replacement. The estimation model for hypothermic circulatory arrest time was established using multiple linear regression analysis, and the predicted hypothermic circulatory arrest time from this model was analyzed to detect risk factors.