Women suffering from overactive bladder syndrome exhibit a higher urethral viral abundance compared to healthy controls: a pilot study.

The interactions between the human bacterial microbiome and essential bodily functions are well established for organ systems such as the oral cavity, gut, and female reproductive tract. However, the urinary microbiome, particularly its viral component, remains largely unexplored. Emerging evidence suggests that the urinary microbiome may play a significant role in the development of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB).

The views of women and their physicians on decision-making for stress urinary incontinence.

Introduction: Treatment decisions for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) are preference sensitive, because the disease is non-lethal and there are multiple reasonable treatment options. However, little is known about patients' and physicians' preferred decision-making styles for SUI. To aid physicians in their counselling and decision-making in consultations for SUI, we studied patients' and physicians' preferred and perceived decision-making in medical specialist consultations for SUI.

Post-Operative Pain After Pelvic Organ Prolapse Surgery (POPPOP): A Double Blind Randomised Multicentre Study to Assess the Effect of Local Anaesthesia During Vaginal Hysterectomy.

Objective: To compare local anaesthetic with adrenaline (LAA) with normal saline for hydrodissection at vaginal hysterectomy.

Design: A double-blind, two parallel group multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) was planned.

Setting: 217 women undergoing vaginal hysterectomy were screened in the five participating centres between March 2015 and December 2018.

Shared Decision-Making (SDM) for Female SUI: Current Practice in Three Western Countries.

Introduction: Different decision-making styles can be used to provide counselling for the multiple reasonable treatment options for patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Shared decision-making (SDM) is currently advocated as the preferred style for preference sensitive decisions, as SDM takes patient preferences into account. This study aimed to map the current decision-making process for SUI in three Western countries.

Associated factors of vaginal laxity and female sexual function: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD), including vaginal laxity (VL), can lead to a decrease in quality of life and affect partner relationships.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the associated factors of VL and FSD and their relationship with other pelvic floor disorders in a female population.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital from July to December 2022.

VDR, CXCR1, CXCR2, PSCA Polymorphisms and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Women: Genetic Association Study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common human infections. Evidence suggests that there might be a genetic predisposition to UTI. Previous small candidate gene studies have suggested that common variants in genes involved in the immune response to UTI could increase susceptibility to the development of recurrent UTI (rUTI).

Risk of thrombosis and bleeding in gynecologic noncancer surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to provide procedure-specific estimates of the risk for symptomatic venous thromboembolism and major bleeding in noncancer gynecologic surgeries.

Data Sources: We conducted comprehensive searches on Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Furthermore, we performed separate searches for randomized trials that addressed the effects of thromboprophylaxis.

Risk of thrombosis and bleeding in gynecologic cancer surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to provide procedure-specific estimates of the risk of symptomatic venous thromboembolism and major bleeding in the absence of thromboprophylaxis, following gynecologic cancer surgery.

Data Sources: We conducted comprehensive searches on Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for observational studies. We also reviewed reference lists of eligible studies and review articles.

Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of the Procedure-specific Risks of Thrombosis and Bleeding in General Abdominal, Colorectal, Upper Gastrointestinal, and Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery.

Objective: To provide procedure-specific estimates of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) and major bleeding after abdominal surgery.

Background: The use of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis represents a trade-off that depends on VTE and bleeding risks that vary between procedures; their magnitude remains uncertain.

Methods: We identified observational studies reporting procedure-specific risks of symptomatic VTE or major bleeding after abdominal surgery, adjusted the reported estimates for thromboprophylaxis and length of follow-up, and estimated cumulative incidence at 4 weeks postsurgery, stratified by VTE risk groups, and rated evidence certainty.

Molecular Landscape of Pelvic Organ Prolapse Provides Insights into Disease Etiology.

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) represents a major health care burden in women, but its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have not been elucidated. We first used a case-control design to perform an exome chip study in 526 women with POP and 960 control women to identify single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with the disease. We then integrated the functional interactions between the POP candidate proteins derived from the exome chip study and other POP candidate molecules into a molecular landscape.

International Urogynecological Consultation (IUC): pathophysiology of pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Introduction And Hypothesis: This manuscript is the International Urogynecology Consultation (IUC) on pelvic organ prolapse (POP) chapter one, committee three, on the Pathophysiology of Pelvic Organ Prolapse assessing genetics, pregnancy, labor and delivery, age and menopause and animal models.

Materials And Methods: An international group of urogynecologists and basic scientists performed comprehensive literature searches using pre-specified terms in selected biomedical databases to summarize the current knowledge on the pathophysiology of the development of POP, exploring specifically factors including (1) genetics, (2) pregnancy, labor and delivery, (3) age and menopause and (4) non-genetic animal models. This manuscript represents the summary of three systematic reviews with meta-analyses and one narrative review, to which a basic scientific comment on the current understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms was added.

Shared decision-making in urology and female pelvic floor medicine and reconstructive surgery.

Shared decision-making (SDM) is a hallmark of patient-centred care that uses informed consent to help guide patients with making complex health-care decisions. In SDM, patients and providers work together to determine the best course of action based on both the current available evidence and the patient's values and preferences. SDM not only provides a framework for the legal and ethical obligations providers need to fulfil for informed consent, but also leads to improved knowledge of treatment options and satisfaction of decision-making for patients.

Evidence-based Urology: When Is a Study or Meta-analysis Big Enough?

Both designing a clinical study and drawing conclusions from studies about the effect of treatments require justification of the sample size via judicious choice of the endpoint and power. Such an a priori power calculation limits the chances of mistakenly claiming a lack of clinical significance if no statistically significant difference between two treatments can be detected. Calculating the sample size for a new trial furthermore requires assessment of existing evidence to determine if its results will contribute to an updated meta-analysis.

Systematic reviews of observational studies of Risk of Thrombosis and Bleeding in General and Gynecologic Surgery (ROTBIGGS): introduction and methodology.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and bleeding are serious and potentially fatal complications of surgical procedures. Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis decreases the risk of VTE but increases the risk of major post-operative bleeding. The decision to use pharmacologic prophylaxis therefore represents a trade-off that critically depends on the incidence of VTE and bleeding in the absence of prophylaxis.

ARTS: A Large, International Trial of Thromboprophylaxis in Intra-abdominal, Gynecologic, and Urologic Surgery.

ARTS will be the first trial to compare anticoagulation with a direct oral anticoagulant (apixaban) versus no anticoagulation among patients undergoing intra-abdominal, gynecologic, or urologic surgery at sufficiently similar risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism and major bleeding.

Host-biomaterial interactions in mesh complications after pelvic floor reconstructive surgery.

Polypropylene (PPL) mesh is widely used in pelvic floor reconstructive surgery for prolapse and stress urinary incontinence. However, some women, particularly those treated using transvaginal PPL mesh placement for prolapse, experience intractable pain and mesh exposure or extrusion. Explanted tissue from patients with complications following transvaginal implantation of mesh is typified by a dense fibrous capsule with an immune cell-rich infiltrate, suggesting that the host immune response has a role in transvaginal PPL mesh complications through the separate contributions of the host (patient), the biological niche within which the material is implanted and biomaterial properties of the mesh.

Laparoscopic sacrohysteropexy versus vaginal hysterectomy and apical suspension: 7-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Laparoscopic mesh sacrohysteropexy offers a uterine-sparing alternative to vaginal hysterectomy with apical suspension, although randomised comparative data are lacking. This study was aimed at comparing the long-term efficacy of laparoscopic mesh sacrohysteropexy and vaginal hysterectomy with apical suspension for the treatment of uterine prolapse.

Methods: A randomised controlled trial comparing laparoscopic mesh sacrohysteropexy and vaginal hysterectomy with apical suspension for the treatment of uterine prolapse was performed, with a minimum follow-up of 7 years.

Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Two Novel Loci Associated with Female Stress and Urgency Urinary Incontinence.

Purpose: Genome-wide association studies have not identified replicable genetic risk loci for stress or urgency urinary incontinence.

Materials And Methods: We carried out a discovery stage, case control, genome-wide association study in 3 independent discovery cohorts of European women (8,979) for stress incontinence, urgency incontinence, and any incontinence phenotypes. We conducted replication in 6 additional studies of European ancestry (4,069).