Association of plasma metabolites with treatment response after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Background/aims: To investigate the association between plasma metabolomic profiles and treatment response after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: This is part of a prospective longitudinal study that included patients with treatment-naïve nAMD who have undergone three loading intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. All patients underwent ophthalmological examinations including spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).

Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma and Unforeseen Adrenal Insufficiency: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can metastasize to nearly every organ, yet rarely metastasizes to the adrenal glands despite their anatomical proximity. Adrenal metastases are typically incidental findings on medical imaging and are vastly clinically asymptomatic. The adrenal glands can maintain hormonal homeostasis if a tenth of total adrenal gland function is preserved.