Publications by authors named "Roderick MacDonald"
Background: Newer diabetes medications may have beneficial effects on mortality, cardiovascular outcomes, and renal outcomes.
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness, comparative effectiveness, and harms of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors, and long-acting insulins as monotherapy or combination therapy in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Data Sources: MEDLINE and EMBASE for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2010 through January 2023.
Background: Major organ complications have been reported in patients hospitalised for COVID-19; most studies lacked controls.
Objective: Examine major organ damage postdischarge among adults hospitalised for COVID-19 versus non-COVID-19 controls.
Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library from 1 January 2020 to 19 May 2021.
Background: Remdesivir is approved for the treatment of adults hospitalized with COVID-19.
Purpose: To update a living review of remdesivir for adults with COVID-19.
Data Sources: Several electronic U.
Context: Several newer device-based procedures have recently become available for treating men with lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia, but their effectiveness remains uncertain.
Objective: To assess the longer-term comparative effectiveness (defined as >12 mo of follow-up) of the newer treatment modalities prostatic urethral lift (PUL), transurethral prostate convective radiofrequency water vapor (Rezūm), Aquablation, and prostatic arterial embolization (PAE).
Evidence Acquisition: Ovid Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality databases were searched through September 30, 2019; hand searches of references of relevant studies were also performed.
Background: Integrating medical scribes with clinicians has been suggested to improve access, quality of care, enhance patient/clinician satisfaction, and increase productivity revenue.
Objective: Conduct a systematic review to evaluate the effects of medical scribes in emergency departments.
Methods: Electronic databases from 2010 through December 2019.
Background: Use of high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) for treatment of adults with acute respiratory failure (ARF) has increased.
Purpose: To assess HFNO versus noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or conventional oxygen therapy (COT) for ARF in hospitalized adults.
Data Sources: English-language searches of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library from January 2000 to July 2020; systematic review reference lists.
Background: Remdesivir is being studied and used for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Purpose: To update a previous review of remdesivir for adults with COVID-19, including new meta-analyses of patients with COVID-19 of any severity compared with control.
Data Sources: Several sources from 1 January 2020 through 7 December 2020.
Purpose: We sought to identify new information evaluating clinically localized prostate cancer therapies.
Materials And Methods: Bibliographic databases (2013-January 2020), ClinicalTrials.gov and systematic reviews were searched for controlled studies of treatments for clinically localized prostate cancer with duration ≥5 years for mortality and metastases, and ≥1 year for harms.
Background: Few treatments exist for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and harms of remdesivir for COVID-19.
Data Sources: Several databases, tables of contents of journals, and U.
Deprescribing for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
J Gen Intern Med
November 2020
Background: Polypharmacy and use of inappropriate medications have been linked to increased risk of falls, hospitalizations, cognitive impairment, and death. The primary objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness, comparative effectiveness, and harms of deprescribing interventions among community-dwelling older adults.
Methods: We searched OVID MEDLINE Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library from 1990 through February 2019 for controlled clinical trials comparing any deprescribing intervention to usual care or another intervention.
Objectives: In 2014, the governor of New York announced the Ending the Epidemic (ETE) plan to reduce annual new HIV infections from 3000 to 750, achieve a first-ever decrease in HIV prevalence, and reduce AIDS progression by the end of 2020. The state health department undertook participatory simulation modeling to develop a baseline for comparing epidemic trends and feedback on ETE strategies.
Methods: A dynamic compartmental model projected the individual and combined effects of 3 ETE initiatives: enhanced linkage to and retention in HIV treatment, increased preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men, and expanded housing assistance.
Background: Effects of drug treatment of clinical Alzheimer-type dementia (CATD) are uncertain.
Purpose: To summarize evidence on the effects of prescription drugs and supplements for CATD treatment.
Data Sources: Electronic bibliographic databases (inception to November 2019), ClinicalTrials.
Introduction: High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) use in adults hospitalised with acute respiratory failure (ARF) is increasing. However, evidence to support widespread use of HFNO compared with non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and conventional oxygen therapy (COT) is unclear. This protocol describes the methods for a systematic evidence review regarding the comparative effectiveness and harms of HFNO compared with NIV or COT for the management of ARF in hospitalised adult patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Testosterone treatment rates in adult men have increased in the United States over the past 2 decades.
Purpose: To assess the benefits and harms of testosterone treatment for men without underlying organic causes of hypogonadism.
Data Sources: English-language searches of multiple electronic databases (January 1980 to May 2019) and reference lists from systematic reviews.