Cardiac rehabilitation and health-related quality of life in preserved ejection fraction heart failure: A meta-analysis.

Aims: The study aims to evaluate the effects of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (ExCR) on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with heart failure preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Methods: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis. Six bibliographic databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane CENTRAL and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database) were searched to April 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), involving adults with HFpEF undertaking ExCR compared with no exercise control.

Quantifying cost and health-related quality of life outcomes in different multimorbidity trajectories: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Multimorbidity-the presence of multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs)-is a major global public health issue. Most current healthcare systems are not designed for populations with high multimorbidity prevalence. Little work to date has explored the economic burden and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impacts of MLTCs over time.

Exercise based cardiac rehabilitation for atrial fibrillation: Cochrane systematic review, meta-analysis, meta-regression and trial sequential analysis.

Objective: To undertake a contemporary review of the impact of exercise based cardiac rehabilitation (ExCR) for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Data Sources: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, WoS Core Collection, LILACS and trial registers were searched from inception up to 24 March 2024.

Eligibility Criteria: Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing ExCR with any non-exercise control.

Enhancing reporting and interpretation of surrogate endpoints in rehabilitation randomized controlled trials: a scoping review.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify and audit rehabilitation randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used surrogate endpoints, evaluating the completeness and transparency of reporting based on the recently developed SPIRIT- (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) and CONSORT- (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) surrogate extension checklists.

Methods: A scoping review was performed, analyzing RCTs from the MEDLINE, PEDro, CINAHL, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases up to April 29, 2025. Included studies involved live human participants and investigated non-pharmacological interventions affecting health outcomes, with surrogate endpoints linked to target outcomes.

Multiple Long-Term Conditions, Co-Long-Term Conditions and Polyvascular Disease: Considerations for Evidence Synthesis and Meta-Analyses.

Cochrane's scientific strategy for 2025 to 2030 has four research priorities, including improving the lives of people living with multiple chronic conditions. The purpose of this article written by the Cochrane Thematic Group in Heart, Stroke and Circulation is to explore considerations around multiple chronic conditions (also referred to as 'multiple long-term conditions' i.e.

A study protocol for a randomized controlled feasibility trial of behavioural therapy for interepisode bipolar symptoms (STABILISE).

Background: In between episodes of (hypo) mania and major depression, people with bipolar disorder can experience ongoing low mood or mood instability, and these may also be present as part of cyclothymic disorder. This is a phase II evaluation of an adapted form of behavioural therapy (STABILISE) for inter-episode bipolar symptoms. The study aims to establish the feasibility and acceptability of the therapy and research procedures, including an economic component, to inform a future definitive trial.

The effects of exercise on secondary prevention and health-related quality of life in people with existing vascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Polyvascular disease (atherosclerosis across two or more vascular beds) is becoming increasingly common, yet systematic reviews of interventions such as exercise are traditionally targeted at people with a single disease. We aimed to determine the effect of exercise in the secondary prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with an existing vascular disease and to assess the impact of polyvascular disease.

Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched databases (Cochrane Register of Studies Online, MEDLINE, Embase Ovid, CINAHL EBSCO, WHO-ICTRP and ClinicalTrials.

Cost-Utility Analysis of Endovascular Ultrasound Renal Denervation to Treat Resistant Hypertension in the United States.

Background: This study evaluated the cost utility of ultrasound renal denervation (uRDN) for resistant hypertension in the United States.

Methods: A previously published Markov model was adapted to compare total costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALY) between uRDN plus standard of care (SoC) vs SoC alone over a lifetime horizon from a US health care system perspective. Patient characteristics and clinical inputs were drawn from the RADIANCE-HTN TRIO trial, and the incidence of key cardiovascular events was estimated using published risk equations.

Understanding the self-management experiences of people with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), their caregivers and the health care professionals who support them: Systematic review and qualitative meta-study.

Aims: To understand the self-management experiences of people with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), their caregivers and the health care professionals (HCPs) who support them.

Methods And Results: A systematic review of qualitative and mixed methods literature, published to July 2023. 4560 abstracts describing patients, caregivers, and HCPs experiences of self-management strategies for HFpEF were identified and screened.

Randomised controlled trials for improving health outcomes for people living with multiple long-term conditions: Protocol for a systematic review of methodological approaches, risk of bias and reporting quality.

Introduction: The number of people living with multiple long-term conditions (MLTC or multimorbidity) is increasing. There have been national and international calls for more and better research in this clinical area. This systematic review will assess the methodological approaches, risk of bias and standards of reporting of the included trials.

Affordable Cardiac Rehabilitation An Outreach Inter-Disciplinary Strategic Study (ACROSS) - Research Programme Protocol.

Background: The evidence and infrastructure needed to access and deliver cardiac rehabilitation (CR) services are absent or lacking in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), resulting in a substantial loss of potential health and socio-economic benefits. Home-based programmes provide an affordable model of delivery that can leverage a scalable increase in CR access in LMICs. ACROSS (Affordable Cardiac Rehabilitation: An Outreach Inter-disciplinary Strategic Study) seeks to co-develop (with patients, caregivers, clinicians, and service commissioners) a culturally and contextually applicable and affordable home-based programme for people with the multimorbidity of coronary heart disease and/or heart failure with co-existing depression and/or anxiety and evaluate the acceptability, clinical effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of its implementation in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan and to determine its scalability and sustainability.

Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Cognition in Adults With Mild to Moderate Vitamin D Deficiency: Outcomes From the VitaMIND Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Preserved cognitive health with ageing is a public health imperative. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with poor cognition, but it is unclear whether supplementation would provide benefit, particularly in individuals with mild/moderate deficiencies which do not have other clinical risks. The objective of this study was to establish the impact of daily vitamin D supplementation on cognition in older adults with mild to moderate vitamin D deficiency.

Systematic Review to Identify Patient-Level Predictors of Treatment Response to Spinal Cord Stimulation for Neuropathic Pain for Studies Published From 2012 to 2024.

Objective: Chronic neuropathic pain is challenging to manage, but one recommended treatment is spinal cord stimulation (SCS), which may provide pain relief and improvements in physical function and health-related quality of life. Almost half of the patients do not obtain long-term relief, and selection of appropriate patients can be problematic. The objective of this study was to undertake a systematic review of the contemporary evidence base for patient-level predictors for the outcomes from all types of SCS.

Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the rehabilitation enablement in chronic heart failure facilitated self-care rehabilitation intervention for people with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and their caregivers: rationale and protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial - REACH-HFpEF trial.

Introduction: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is common and causes functional limitation, poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and impairs prognosis. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation is a promising intervention for HFpEF, but there is currently insufficient evidence to support its routine use. This trial will assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a 12-week health professional-facilitated, home-based rehabilitation intervention (REACH-HF), in people with HFpEF, for participants and their caregivers.

Protocol for the development and validation of a Core Set for exercise-based rehabilitation of adults with multiple long-term conditions (multimorbidity) based on the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework.

Background: Core outcome sets for people with multiple long-term conditions (multimorbidity) intervention studies offer an opportunity to compare data across studies and countries. However, a key research gap remains: the development of the World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for multimorbidity rehabilitation. ICF Core Sets are a selection of essential categories from the full ICF classification that are considered most relevant for describing the functioning of a person with a specific health condition or in a specific healthcare context.

Validation of the Bangla Version of the HeartQoL Questionnaire for Patients With Coronary Heart Disease in Bangladesh.

Objectives: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Bangla version of the HeartQoL questionnaire, a core heart disease health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) instrument, specifically in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.

Methods: The English HeartQoL was translated into Bangla and then a cross-sectional and a test-retest study was undertaken in 2 specialized cardiac hospitals in Bangladesh. All patients admitted for percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft between April and October 2019 and diagnosed with CHD were eligible for recruitment.

SPIRIT 2025 statement: updated guideline for protocols of randomized trials.

The protocol of a randomized trial is the foundation for study planning, conduct, reporting and external review. However, trial protocols vary in their completeness and often do not address key elements of design and conduct. The SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) statement was first published in 2013 as guidance to improve the completeness of trial protocols.

SPIRIT 2025 explanation and elaboration: updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials.

High quality protocols facilitate proper planning, conduct, reporting, and external review of randomised trials, yet their completeness varies and key elements are often not considered. To strengthen good reporting of trial protocols, the SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) 2013 statement has been updated to incorporate new evidence and emerging perspectives. This SPIRIT 2025 explanation and elaboration document provides users with exemplars of reporting in contemporary trial protocols, contextual elaboration, more detailed guidance on reporting, references to key empirical studies, an expanded checklist, and a link to a website for further information.

SPIRIT 2025 statement: updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials.

Importance: The protocol of a randomised trial is the foundation for study planning, conduct, reporting, and external review. However, trial protocols vary in their completeness and often do not address key elements of design and conduct. The SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) statement was first published in 2013 as guidance to improve the completeness of trial protocols.

SPIRIT 2025 Statement: Updated Guideline for Protocols of Randomized Trials.

Importance: The protocol of a randomized trial is the foundation for study planning, conduct, reporting, and external review. However, trial protocols vary in their completeness and often do not address key elements of design and conduct. The SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) statement was first published in 2013 as guidance to improve the completeness of trial protocols.

SPIRIT 2025 statement: Updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials.

Importance: The protocol of a randomised trial is the foundation for study planning, conduct, reporting, and external review. However, trial protocols vary in their completeness and often do not address key elements of design and conduct. The SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) statement was first published in 2013 as guidance to improve the completeness of trial protocols.