Robot-assisted intrathalamic infusion for gene therapy in young children: surgical considerations.

Objective: Stereotactic gene therapy in children is challenging due to the fragility of the infant skull and long hours of infusion. The thalamus, an integrative hub for the entire cortex, has been shown to facilitate widespread gene/protein delivery via axonal transport. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and accuracy of bilateral thalamic convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors for GM2 gangliosidoses in children and to assess outcomes based on post-infusion imaging.

Out-of-Body Experiences and Threat Sensitivity.

An out-of-body experience (OBE) can be defined as having the impression of being consciously aware and out of one's physical body in an extrapersonal location. Recent research has suggested that OBEs are often a response to physical and/or psychological threat. However, because the OBE does not occur for everyone even when in the same type of threatening situation, it has been further postulated that such an experience is associated with the differences of each individual psyche interacting with differing circumstances.

Synthesis of Malonate-Substituted Benzocyclobutenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Alkene Difunctionalization.

The Pd-catalyzed coupling of 2-vinylphenyl triflates with malonate esters provides malonate-substituted benzocyclobutenes in moderate yield. The reactions proceed via an unprecedented intermolecular -nucleopalladation of the 2-vinylphenyl triflate, followed by C-C bond-forming reductive elimination to generate the strained ring. This method provides a concise, three-step route to substituted benzocyclobutenes from commercially available salicylaldehyde derivatives.

Preserving Trial Endpoint Specificity and Cause of Death Attribution in Cardiovascular Trials: Insights From MARINER.

Background: The MARINER (Medically Ill Patient Assessment of Rivaroxaban vs Placebo in Reducing Post-Discharge Venous Thrombo-Embolism Risk) trial examined the efficacy of rivaroxaban on venous thromboembolism (VTE) following discharge in high-risk medical inpatients. The trial did not meet its primary endpoint, in part due to a lesser effect of rivaroxaban on "VTE-related death" than on nonfatal VTE.

Objectives: The objective of this exploratory research was to examine the impact of more specific fatal VTE definitions on trial outcome HRs through readjudication of death endpoints.

Health Care Avoidance and Delay in the Transgender Population: A Systematic Review Exploring Associations with Minority Stress.

Purpose: A wide body of research explores the substantial issue of health care avoidance and delay (HAD) in the transgender population, and much focus has been given to the minority stress model in the exploration of associated factors. This review addresses gaps in the literature by investigating the cumulative evidence for association between HAD and minority stress, and by further examining the evidence for individual facets of minority stress. A secondary aim of this review is to examine how operationalization of HAD may impact our understanding of research findings.

The Bereaved Detachment Experience: An NDE-like Phenomenon.

When people experience the death of loved ones, some of them report after-death communications (ADCs) in which they have the impression of again encountering those loved ones by means of different types of visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, and/or sentient phenomena. There is one particular type of ADC that can be referred to as a because the experient has the impression of being out of and/or away from their physical body during that encounter. Despite the general absence of an imminent threat or a near-death condition associated with a BDE, there are a number of similar features that are also found in reports of the NDE, such as encountering and communicating with deceased loved ones, venturing through a dark place or a tunnel, seeing or entering into a bright light, entering into transcendental otherworldly environments, and feelings of love or peace.

Reactivity of [CpFe(CO)] with Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds in the Gas Phase: Ligand Exchange and Dehydrogenation.

A previous gas-phase study has uncovered formal catalytic cycles for the dehydrogenation of model liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) pyrrolidine, -methylpyrrolidine, and piperidine by the coordinatively unsaturated half-sandwich cyclopentadienyl iron cation, [CpFe]. That work is extended here to the well-known condensed-phase [CpFe(CO)] cation, which was generated via electrospray ionization for gas-phase reactions with model LOHCs in a linear ion trap mass spectrometer, in which the helium bath gas was seeded with 0.1% carbon monoxide.

Sex Differences in Natural History and Health Outcomes Among Individuals With Tic Disorders.

Objectives: To analyze sex differences in outcomes in Tourette syndrome (TS) and Persistent Motor or Vocal tic disorders (PMVT) in the Tourette Association of America International Consortium for Genetics (TAAICG) dataset.

Methods: The relationship between sex and clinical measures was explored in 2,403 participants (N = 2,109 with TS; N = 294 with PMVT) from the TAAICG dataset using generalized estimating equation regression models, and adjusted for age and family relationships.

Results: Female (vs male) participants with TS (25.

A Novel Method for the Generation of Realistic Lung Nodules Visualized Under X-Ray Imaging.

Objective: Image-guided diagnosis and treatment of lung lesions is an active area of research. With the growing number of solutions proposed, there is also a growing need to establish a standard for the evaluation of these solutions. Thus, realistic phantom and preclinical environments must be established.

Iron Carbonyl Complexes of [2.2.2]Hericene as a Rigid Tris(1,3-diene) Ligand.

Hericene is an unusual hexaolefin consisting of three 1,3-diene units located on a rigid bicyclo [2.2.2]octane framework that restricts the geometrical relationships of metal atoms bonded to these olefinic units.

Quantifying and mitigating motor phenotypes induced by antisense oligonucleotides in the central nervous system.

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are emerging as a promising class of therapeutics for neurological diseases. When injected directly into cerebrospinal fluid, ASOs distribute broadly across brain regions and exert long-lasting therapeutic effects. However, many phosphorothioate (PS)-modified gapmer ASOs show transient motor phenotypes when injected into the cerebrospinal fluid, ranging from reduced motor activity to ataxia or acute seizure-like phenotypes.

A minimally invasive endovascular approach to the cerebellopontine angle cistern enables broad CNS biodistribution of scAAV9-CB-GFP.

Neurological disorders pose a challenge for targeted therapy due to restricted access of therapeutic agents to the central nervous system (CNS). Current methods are limited by procedure-related risks, invasiveness, and insufficient CNS biodistribution. A novel percutaneous transvenous technology, currently in clinical trials for communicating hydrocephalus, offers a minimally invasive approach by providing endovascular access to the cerebrospinal fluid-filled cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cistern.

Sarcoidosis with laryngeal and tracheal involvement.

A woman in her early 30s presented to her primary care physician's office with hoarseness, joint pain and facial swelling. The objective evaluation revealed elevated inflammatory markers and angiotensin-1-converting enzyme, a chest radiograph with bilateral hilar prominence and a maxillofacial CT scan with diffuse inflammation in the upper airway. Otolaryngology evaluation revealed exophytic lesions diffusely within the nasal cavity, base of tongue, supraglottis, glottis and trachea.

Deciphering climate-induced displacement in Somalia: A remote sensing perspective.

Rapid climate changes bear significant consequences on various aspects of our lives, notably by deteriorating living conditions in certain areas to such extent that inhabitants have no choice but flee. Despite recognition of this issue, the dynamics of the relationship between the environmental factors and the human mobility have yet to be thoroughly investigated. This study aims to explore the application of advanced remote sensing analytics for developing detailed climate indicators at a micro (district) level, and to examine the relationship between climate factors and internally displaced persons.

4-Point scleral fixation technique using Gore-tex® sutures for cut-out plated haptic intraocular lenses.

Purpose: To report a 4-point scleral fixation technique utilizing Gore-tex® CV8 sutures and cut-out plated haptic intraocular lenses (IOLs) lacking a 4-eyelet haptic design for aphakic patients.

Observations: This scleral fixation technique utilizes Gore-tex CV8® sutures paired with a foldable, monofocal, cut-out plated haptic IOLs wherein the sutures are passed through the holes of the plate haptics. Initially, sectoral conjunctival peritomies are performed on the temporal and medial conjunctiva.

Volumetric microscopy of cerebral arteries with a miniaturized optical coherence tomography imaging probe.

Endovascular interventions are increasingly becoming the preferred approach for treating strokes and cerebral artery diseases. These procedures rely on sophisticated angiographical imaging guidance, which encounters challenges because of limited contrast and spatial resolution. Achieving a more precise visualization of the underlying arterial pathology and neurovascular implants is crucial for accurate procedural decision-making.

The Challenge of Examining Social Determinants of Health in People Living With Tourette Syndrome.

Background: To examine the association between race, ethnicity, and parental educational attainment on tic-related outcomes among Tourette Syndrome (TS) participants in the Tourette Association of America International Consortium for Genetics (TAAICG) database.

Methods: 723 participants in the TAAICG dataset aged ≤21 years were included. The relationships between tic-related outcomes and race and ethnicity were examined using linear and logistic regressions.

Demographic factors associated with healthcare avoidance and delay in the transgender population: Findings from a systematic review.

Purpose: Healthcare avoidance and delay (HAD) in the transgender population has been well documented, and research has explored a range of associated factors that help to identify those most at risk of HAD. This review addresses a gap in the research by synthesizing research exploring associations between HAD and demographic factors.

Methods: A systematic search of literature published at any time up to December 2021 was conducted, using five databases (EBSCO, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) and manually searching reference lists of included studies.

Sex Differences in People with Tourette Syndrome and Persistent Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder in the Tourette Association of America International Consortium for Genetics Database.

Background And Objective: Tourette Syndrome (TS) and Persistent Motor or Vocal Tic Disorders (PMVT) are more prevalent in males (vs. females). Females with TS may have a delay in diagnosis, and more complex tic features (vs.

First Assistant In Bariatric Surgery: A Comparison Between Laparoscopic And Robotic Approaches: A 4-Year Analysis of the MBSAQIP Database (2016-2019).

Purpose: The first assistant (FA) plays an important role in the operating room for bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the type of FA and operative time (OT) and postoperative outcomes comparing robotic and laparoscopic approaches in bariatric surgery.

Methods And Materials: The Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) data for 2016-2019 was queried.

A 28-Year-Old Woman With Nail Discoloration, Recurrent Bronchitis, and Left-Sided Facial Swelling.

A 28-year-old woman with a history of congenital hip dysplasia was referred for evaluation of recurrent bronchitis. She had undergone left hip replacement with titanium implants 11 years prior to presentation. The patient reported frequent bouts of bronchitis, sinusitis, and left-sided nontender facial swelling that started after the hip replacement surgery.

Awake intracerebroventricular delivery and safety assessment of oligonucleotides in a large animal model.

Oligonucleotide therapeutics offer great promise in the treatment of previously untreatable neurodegenerative disorders; however, there are some challenges to overcome in pre-clinical studies. (1) They carry a well-established dose-related acute neurotoxicity at the time of administration. (2) Repeated administration into the cerebrospinal fluid may be required for long-term therapeutic effect.