Comparison of laryngeal mask airway insertion methods, including the external larynx lift with pre-inflated cuff, on postoperative pharyngolaryngeal complications: A randomised clinical trial.

Background: Postoperative pharyngolaryngeal complications are commonly reported following laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion. After induction of anaesthesia, the airway structures fall backwards under the influence of gravity, and this may contribute to difficulty in placement of a LMA. External airway alignment by lifting the larynx during insertion of an airway may avoid collision of the airway with laryngeal structures.

A case report of reappearance of spinal anesthesia.

Objective: We present a case of reappearance of spinal anesthesia despite the use of plain (isobaric) lidocaine and without an associated cough or Valsalva maneuver.

Case Report: A 66-year-old man had spinal anesthesia for knee arthroscopy. Two hours after the induction of spinal anesthesia and after the patient's motor strength had returned to the lower extremities, his head was elevated to 30 degrees.