Effects of 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid and 10-Hydroxydecanoic Acid in Royal Jelly on Bone Metabolism in Ovariectomized Rats: A Pilot Study.

Although previous studies have demonstrated that royal jelly (RJ) may have estrogenic properties and prevent postmenopausal bone loss, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This animal study aimed to investigate the effects of specific fatty acids of RJ, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10H2DA) and 10-hydroxydecanoic acid (10HDAA), in ovariectomized rats. Ten-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into the Baseline, Sham, Ovx, Ovx + 10H2DA, and Ovx + 10HDAA groups.

Impact of Menopause and the Menstrual Cycle on Oxidative Stress in Japanese Women.

Although estrogen possesses both pro- and anti-oxidant properties, its overall role in oxidative stress among women remains unclear, particularly since the influence of exogenously administered estrogen during previous studies differed by dose, administration route, and estrogen type. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of endogenous estrogen on oxidative stress in women. Thus, we performed a non-interventional observational study of healthy postmenopausal ( = 71) and premenopausal ( = 72) female volunteers.