Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion and blood-brain barrier compromise: pathways to cognitive dysfunction.

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, a disorder occurring from interruption of blood flow to the intestines followed by its restoration, causes a cascade of events leading to systemic consequences, including cognitive impairment. This study analyses the complicated link between intestinal I/R damage and blood-brain barrier (BBB) compromise, highlighting essential processes such as systemic inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative stress, vagus nerve activation, and altered gut microbial metabolite production. During I/R injury, the weakened gut barrier permits the translocation of microbial products and inflammatory mediators into the circulation, beginning systemic inflammation that disrupts the BBB and exacerbates neuronal damage.

Sequential administration of febuxostat and vitamin E protects against testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibition of sperm DNA damage in Wistar rats.

The pathway of testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury (TIRI) has been shown to involve reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the ischemic phase and later phase of reperfusion. This study was therefore designed to investigate the effect of blockage of ROS in the ischemic and reperfusion phases of TIRI. Thirty male Wistar rats were grouped into five groups (n = 6 rats each): sham, torsion + detorsion (TD), febuxostat (FEB)-administered (TFD) group, vitamin E (V)-administered (TDV) group, and FEB and vitamin E-administered (TFDV) group.

Estrogen replacement therapy reverses spatial memory loss and pyramidal cell neurodegeneration in the prefrontal cortex of lead-exposed ovariectomized Wistar rats.

Background: Although menopause is a component of chronological aging, it may be induced by exposure to heavy metals like lead. Interestingly, lead exposure, just like the postmenopausal state, has been associated with spatial memory loss and neurodegeneration; however, the impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on menopause and lead-induced spatial memory loss and neurodegeneration is yet to be reported.

Aim: The present study investigated the effect and associated mechanism of HRT on ovariectomized-driven menopausal state and lead exposure-induced spatial memory loss and neurodegeneration.

Mitigative role of cysteamine against unilateral renal reperfusion injury in Wistar rats.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is unavoidable during kidney transplant and it is responsible for delayed or non-function after kidney transplantation. Cysteamine is the standard drug in the management of nephropathic cystinosis and its extra-renal complications. Thus, we designed this study to investigate its potential against renal reperfusion injury.

-based feed supplement protects against renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury via downregulation of Bax/caspase 3 signaling.

Introduction: Ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) may lead to acute kidney injury via the induction of oxidative stress. On the other hand, Moringa oleifera has been reported to exert antioxidant activities. This study was designed to assess whether or not Moringa oleifera-based feed supplement could prevent I/R-induced renal injury.

Cysteamine Attenuate Intestinal Reperfusion Injury Induced by Occlusion of Mesenteric Artery by Enhancing Intracellular Thiol Activities.

Background: Ischemia/reperfusion has been reported to further damage the intestine reperfusion injury (IRI) and cause multiple distal organ dysfunction through oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Cysteamine is known to inhibit oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis. This experiment was designed to evaluate the role of cysteamine against IRI in rats METHODS: Thirty-two Wistar rat strains were assigned to four groups: sham, Intestinal-reperfusion injury (IRI), 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg cysteamine treatment IRI.