Clinical relevance of thiopurine methyltransferase genotype testing for azathioprine in dermatology.

Background: Polymorphisms in thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) are a predominant cause of azathioprine-induced leucopenia in Western countries. The exact role of these polymorphisms in the Indian population with dermatological disorders is uncertain.

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of genetic polymorphism of TPMT and its impact on the safety of azathioprine in dermatological disorders.

Plant-based vaccines against viral hepatitis: A panoptic review.

The traditional vaccines against hepatitis have been instrumental in reducing the incidence of some types of viral hepatitis; however, the need for cost-effective, easily distributable, and needle-free vaccine alternatives has led to the exploration of plant-based vaccines. Plant-based techniques offer a promising avenue for producing viral hepatitis vaccines due to their low-cost cultivation, scalability, and the potential for oral administration. This review highlights the successful expression of hepatitis B surface antigens in plants and the subsequent formation of virus-like particles, which have shown immunogenicity in preclinical and clinical trials.

Attitudes and beliefs of patients and primary caregivers towards deprescribing in a tertiary health care facility.

Background: Good prescribing practices form the essence of drug therapy for better patient care. The major aim of better prescribing is to improve rational prescribing. Deprescribing gained momentum in recent decades.