Restoring Treatment Response in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Targeting MACC1-Dependent ABCB1 Expression in Combination Therapy.

Treatment failure of solid cancers, represented by the development of drug resistance in the primary tumor or later outgrowth of drug resistant metastases, is the major cause of death for cancer patients. It represents an urgent clinical need for predictive biomarkers which indicate the success or failure of standard treatment regimens. Besides treatment prediction, interfering with cellular processes associated with drug resistance might improve treatment response by applying combination therapies.

Assessing the food environment of a rural community: baseline findings from the heart of New Ulm project, Minnesota, 2010-2011.

Introduction: Changes in the food environment in the United States during the past few decades have contributed to increased rates of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Improving the food environment may be an effective primary prevention strategy to address these rising disease rates. The purpose of this study was to assess the consumer food environment of a rural community with high rates of obesity and low levels of fruit and vegetable consumption.

Variability in drug metabolizing enzyme activity in HIV-infected patients.

Aims: To evaluate variability in cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A, N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), and xanthine oxidase (XO) activity in HIV-infected patients and compare this with data from uninfected, healthy volunteers.

Methods: Ten HIV-infected men and seven women on medication affecting CYP enzyme activity were phenotyped four times over 2 months using caffeine, dextromethorphan, and midazolam. Urinary caffeine and dextromethorphan metabolite ratios were used to phenotype CYP1A2, NAT2, XO, and CYP2D6 activity and midazolam plasma clearance was used to phenotype CYP3A activity.

Maraviroc concentrates in the cervicovaginal fluid and vaginal tissue of HIV-negative women.

Objective: To compare single- and multiple-dose maraviroc exposures in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) and vaginal tissue (VT) with blood plasma (BP) and quantify maraviroc protein binding in CVF.

Design: Open-label pharmacokinetic study.

Methods: In 12 HIV-negative women, 7 paired CVF and BP samples were collected over 12 hours after 1 maraviroc dose.