Evaluation of Hematological Parameters as Markers for Subclinical Inflammation in Adults with Familial Mediterranean Fever.

Background: Repeated polyserositis, another name for familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), is an autoimmune disorder with an autosomal recessive nature primarily characterized by short-lived repeated periods of peritonitis, pleuritis, and arthritis, generally accompanied by fever.

Methods: Our participants were divided into two groups. Group I (patients): 100 individuals who were diagnosed as patients with FMF and were monitored.

Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support in Preterm Neonates in the Delivery Room and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Short Narrative Review of What We Know in 2024.

Background: Guidelines recommend non-invasive ventilatory (NIV) support as first-line respiratory support mode in preterm infants as NIV is superior to intubation and mechanical ventilation in preventing death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. However, with an ever-expanding variety of NIV modes available, there is much debate about which NIV modality should ideally be used, how, and when. The aims of this work were to summarise the evidence on different NIV modalities for both primary and secondary respiratory support: nCPAP, nasal high-flow therapy (nHFT), and nasal intermittent positive airway pressure ventilation (nIPPV), bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP), nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV), and nasally applied, non-invasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NIV-NAVA) modes, with particular focus on their use in preterm infants.

Non-invasive ventilatory support in neonates: An evidence-based update.

Non-invasive ventilatory support (NIV) is considered the gold standard in the care of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). NIV from birth is superior to mechanical ventilation (MV) for the prevention of death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), with a number needed to treat between 25 and 35. Various methods of NIV are available, some of them extensively researched and with well proven efficacy, whilst others are needing further research.

Detection of endocrine disorders in young children with multi-transfused thalassemia major.

Background: Beta thalassemia major (TM) is the most common inherited genetic disorder worldwide. Patients are at risk of iron overload, which leads to various forms of tissue damage, including endocrinopathies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of endocrine disorders in young patients with multi-transfused TM receiving iron chelation therapy.

Role of umbilical cord C-peptide levels in early prediction of hypoglycemia in infants of diabetic mothers.

Background: Until now, diabetes during pregnancy has been associated with a high risk of maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidities and mortalities. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of hypoglycemia in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) and to study the relationship between umbilical cord (UC) C peptide levels and the risk of developing hypoglycemia.

Material And Methods: UC blood C-peptide and serial serum blood glucose measurements were done for all included singleton newborns born to diabetic mothers during the study period.

Risk factors for severity of thrombocytopenia in full term infants: a single center study.

Background: Neonatal thrombocytopenia (NT) (platelet count < 150 × 10/L) is a common finding in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of severe NT in full term (FT) infants.

Methods: During the study period, all FT infants who met the inclusion criteria for NT on two occasions were included.

Characterization and Outcome of Two Pediatric Intensive Care Units with Different Resources.

Background: The pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in developing countries have a higher mortality outcome due to a wide variety of causes. Identifying differences in the structure, patient characteristics, and outcome between PICUs with different resources may add evidence to the need for incorporating more PICUs with limited resources in the contemporary critical care research to improve the care provided for severely ill children.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at Egyptian and Japanese PICUs as examples of resource-limited and resource-rich units, respectively.

Corneal Endothelial Morphology in Children with Type 1 Diabetes.

Aim. To investigate corneal endothelial cell morphological in children with type 1 diabetes and to determine the systemic and local factors that contribute to these changes. Methods.

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, Cytomegalovirus, and Human Immunodeficiency Viruses in Multitransfused Thalassemic Children in Upper Egypt.

Background. Frequent blood transfusions in thalassemia major children expose them to the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in thalassemic children attending the Pediatrics Departments of both Sohag and Minia Universities of Upper Egypt, during the period from May 2014 to May 2015.

Ocular Surface Disorders in a Group of Egyptian Children with End Stage Renal Failure on Dialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose. To investigate tear function, ocular manifestations, and squamous metaplasia of the conjunctival epithelium (SMCE) in children with end stage renal failure (ESRF) on dialysis. Methods.

Correlations between maternal and neonatal serum selenium levels in full term neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

Unlabelled: Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of brain injury in the newborn and can result devastating consequences. The principle mechanisms underlying neurological damage in HIE resulting from hypoxemia and/or ischemia is deprivation of glucose and oxygen supply which energy failure. A consequent reperfusion injury often deteriorates the brain metabolism by increasing the oxidative stress damage.

Effect of endotracheal tube leakage on respiratory function monitoring: Comparison of three neonatal ventilators.

In preterm infants, lung function monitoring is important for lung-protective mechanical ventilation. In this study, we used a neonatal lung model to investigate the effect of endotracheal tube (ETT) leakage on the monitoring of tidal volume (V) and lung mechanics using different ventilators. A neonatal lung model was ventilated via a 3 mm ETT using three ventilators, Babylog 8000, Leoni, and Stephanie.

Modern mechanical ventilation strategies in newborns: a review.

Noninvasive ventilation is increasingly used in newborns, but intubation and mechanical ventilation remain important lifesaving tools for neonatal intensive care. New lung-protective mechanical ventilation technologies were developed in the last few decades and are now commercially available. Nevertheless, a recent survey (van Kaam et al.

Current methods of non-invasive ventilatory support for neonates.

Non-invasive ventilatory support can reduce the adverse effects associated with intubation and mechanical ventilation, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis, and trauma to the upper airways. In the last 4 decades, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been used to wean preterm infants off mechanical ventilation and, more recently, as a primary mode of respiratory support for preterm infants with respiratory insufficiency. Moreover, new methods of respiratory support have been developed, and the devices used to provide non-invasive ventilation (NIV) have improved technically.

Tracheal tube airleak in clinical practice and impact on tidal volume measurement in ventilated neonates.

Objective: To determine the prevalence, size, and factors affecting tracheal tube (TT) leak in clinical practice and their influence on the displayed tidal volume (Vt) in ventilated newborn infants using uncuffed TTs. Monitoring of Vt is important for implementation of lung-protective ventilation strategies but becomes meaningless in the presence of large TT airleaks.

Design: Retrospective clinical study.