Coupling Strategic Engineering Increased the Heterointerface Density of Bimetallic Oxyhydroxide/Carbide Electrocatalyst for Kinetic Promotion of Electrochemical-/Solar-Driven Water Splitting.

A promising efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst was developed by coupling OER- and HER-active catalysts to unlock large-scale, sustainable hydrogen production through water splitting. Herein, we report a coupling strategy to fabricate FeOOH-MoC heterostructure by integrating OER (FeOOH)- and HER (MoC)-active catalysts, which demands low overpotential of 261 mV (93 mV dec) and 163 mV (102 mV dec) toward OER and HER, respectively. The systematic analysis on FeOOH-MoC with pristine catalysts inferred that the synergistically improved catalytic performance might be credited to the electronic modulation between FeOOH and MoC due to the coupling effect.

Unmasking the Hidden Threat: Conductive Under-Deposits and Their Role in Preferential Weldment Corrosion of Carbon Steel under Sour Conditions.

This work incorporates precorrosion conditioning and conductive deposits (FeS or FeS) to explore corrosion mechanisms across base metal (BM), weld metal (WM), and heat-affected zone (HAZ) regions under simulated sour conditions (NaCl (3.5 wt %), NaSO (1000 ppm), CHCOOH (100 ppm), CO, 60 °C, pH ∼ 4, and 1000 rpm). Electrochemical studies demonstrated various corrosion rates (CR) hierarchies (CS-BM (0.

Inference time correction based on confidence and uncertainty for improved deep-learning model performance and explainability in medical image classification.

The major challenge faced by artificial intelligence (AI) models for medical image analysis is the class imbalance of training data and limited explainability. This study introduces a Confidence and Entropy-based Uncertainty Thresholding Algorithm (CEbUTAl), which is a novel post-processing method, designed to enhance both model performance and explainability. CEbUTAl modifies model predictions during inference, based on uncertainty and confidence measures, to improve classification in scenarios with class imbalance.

Proteogenomic characterization of invasive breast tumors in young women.

Breast cancer in women <40, accounting for ~5% of all breast cancer cases diagnosed in the U.S., is more aggressive and associated with worse outcomes compared to breast cancer in older women.

Traumatic Brain Injury Severity Measured by Clinical, Radiographical, and Blood Biomarker Measures Is Associated with Non-Neurological Organ Dysfunction: A Secondary Analysis of ProTECT III and Bio-ProTECT.

Non-neurological organ dysfunction (NNOD) is a prevalent complication and contributes to poor outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Contributing factors to NNOD may include initial TBI severity, but this relationship has not been rigorously studied. The objectives of this study were to describe the frequency and timing of NNOD after TBI, evaluate the association between NNOD and outcome (mortality and Glasgow Outcome Score-Extended [GOSE] at 6 months post-injury), and examine the relationship between multimodal markers of initial TBI severity and NNOD.

Structural injuries are associated with better emotional wellbeing after traumatic brain injury.

Background: Emotional disturbances are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet the neuroanatomic basis of these sequalae remains unclear. We aimed to determine whether emotional wellbeing is associated with the extent and/or location of structural brain injury in individuals with chronic TBI.

Methods: We studied 188 adults with chronic (≥1 year post-injury) TBI enrolled in the multi-center Late Effects of TBI (LETBI) study.

Factors Associated With Cardiovascular Mortality After Complicated Mild to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): A TBI Model Systems Study.

Objective: To characterize factors associated with death due to cardiovascular causes following complicated mild to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting: Chart review or telephonic interviews.

Participants: Participants enrolled in the TBI Model Systems database.

The impact of ChatGPT on orthopedic residents' scientific writing: A quasi-experimental study.

Background: Scientific writing is essential for orthopedic residents, enabling academic contributions and evidence-based practice. However, challenges such as time constraints, lack of training, and language barriers hinder their writing. AI-based tools like ChatGPT offer potential solutions to improve writing efficiency and quality.

Enhancing mental health resilience in the healthcare workforce during COVID-19: lessons from The North West Offer.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the NHS Clinical Leaders Network (CLN) developed 'The North West Offer' for Enhancing Mental Health Resilience (EMHR) in the north west of England. The EMHR programme aimed to reinforce psychological resilience in the healthcare workforce; that is, enhance the mental, emotional and behavioural adaptation processes of the workforce to pandemic challenges. The present paper describes the EMHR programme, reviews its evaluation outcomes and proposes a series of recommendations regarding promoting psychological resilience in the healthcare workforce.

Influence of Neighborhood Disadvantage on All-Cause Mortality Following Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A TBI Model Systems Cohort Study.

Objective: To examine associations between neighborhood disadvantage and all-cause mortality among patients receiving inpatient rehabilitation for moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI).

Setting: Participants who were discharged from inpatient rehabilitation at a Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) center.

Participants: A total of 6634 individuals enrolled in the TBI Model Systems National Database, who were discharged from inpatient rehabilitation for msTBI between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018.

Dual-emissive ratiometric "turn-on" probe for real-time sensing of HSO in environmental samples and live cells.

The optical detection of hydrogen sulfate anion (HSO) in the aqueous phase is particularly challenging and relatively rare, mainly due to their extremely high Gibbs free energy of hydration, which stabilizes the ions and hinders their interaction with the sensors. A novel ratiometric "turn-on" fluorometric probe, N-hydroxy-6-((2-(4-methoxyphenyl)quinolin-6-yl)oxy)hexanamide (5C), was rationally designed and synthesized to enable highly selective and ultrasensitive detection of hydrogen sulfate ion (HSO) in aqueous phase. The probe 5C exhibits bathochromic shift of 52 nm in its emission spectrum upon HSO addition, resulting into fluorometric color change from non-fluorescent to a strong blue fluorescence under UV light.

Association and reliability analysis of multi-trait selection methods and selection of superior genotypes across the traits in Indian mustard.

Selection of desirable genotypes across the traits is the most challenging task for plant breeders. This experiment aims to study the association and reliability of the Smith-Hazel Selection Index (SH), Factor Analytic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (FAI-BLUP), Multi-Trait Selection Index (MTSI) and Multi-Trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index (MGIDI) selection index with Weighted Rank Aggregation (WRA) and Genotype by Yield×Trait (GYT) Biplot analysis for the selection of superior genotypes. The evaluation of 55 genotypes, including parents and hybrids, was done at CRC of SVPUAT Meerut, UP, India, during 2023-2024 following Randomized Complete Block Design within three replications.

Chordoma: Site-Wise Predilections and Pathological Tenets.

Background: Chordomas are rare tumours of presumptive notochordal origin, mostly occurring in the axial skeleton of the body. These tumours are slow growing but are locally invasive neoplasms. Diagnosis requires qualification of the radiological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical criteria.

Distinct clinical phenotypes and their neuroanatomic correlates in chronic traumatic brain injury.

Accumulating evidence of heterogeneous long-term outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) has challenged longstanding approaches to TBI outcome classification that are largely based on global functioning. A lack of studies with clinical and biomarker data from individuals living with chronic (>1 year post-injury) TBI has precluded refinement of long-term outcome classification ontology. Multimodal data in well-characterized TBI cohorts are required to understand the clinical phenotypes and biological underpinnings of persistent symptoms in the chronic phase of TBI.

Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles for neurodegenerative disorders management.

Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) are accompanied by neuronal death because of progressive destruction in neuronal structure and function. Due to various neurological conditions, there is a significant number of deaths every year around the world. The healthcare burden is also increasing each year.

Shoulder Pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Ultrasound Findings and Clinical Correlations.

Aims Shoulder pain is a common yet often overlooked manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The prevalence and causes of shoulder pain in RA patients are not well-characterized, and imaging techniques, such as high-resolution musculoskeletal ultrasound (HRUS), have been underutilized in understanding its etiological profile. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and explore underlying structural abnormalities (assessed via HRUS) and clinical characteristics of shoulder pain in patients with RA.

Delayed Urinary Retention After Holmium Laser Enucleation of Prostate.

Objective: To identify modifiable perioperative risk factors associated with delayed urinary retention (DUR) that occurs after a successful same-day trial of void (SDTOV) in patients undergoing holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP).

Methods: Our institution prospectively maintains an institutional review board-approved single surgeon database of HoLEP procedures from which we identified patients with DUR after passing SDTOV. Exclusion criteria included the first 50 cases (due to the surgeon's learning curve), patients with failed SDTOV, and clot retention.

Improved color uniformity in monochrome holographic waveguide based near eye displays.

The use of near eye displays (NEDs) in applications such as head-mounted displays requires high color uniformity across a wide field of view (FOV). However, volume holographic gratings (VHGs), while suitable for NEDs, suffer from high angular selectivity, limiting the FOV for monochromatic light and causing color dispersion when illuminated by a broadband light source, leading to color variations across the displayed image. To address this issue, we report a method to simultaneously enhance the FOV and improve color uniformity by designing Bragg-matched, reflection-type, angular multiplexed VHGs.

Enhancing field of view of digital holography using an angular multiplexed holographic optical element.

Digital holography (DH) is capable of the most precise multidimensional imaging and measurements in various fields ranging from optical metrology to biomedical imaging. However, DH has not progressed in accordance with its capabilities. The fundamental and technically challenging roadblock of DH is the small field of view (FOV) restricted by the parameters of the available digital image sensors.

Design, molecular characterization and therapeutic investigation of a novel CCR8 peptide antagonist that attenuates acute liver injury by inhibiting infiltration and activation of macrophages.

During liver injury, intrahepatic macrophage compartment is augmented by circulating monocytes that infiltrate the liver driven by C-C motif chemokine ligand/C-C motif chemokine receptor (CCL/CCR) axis including CCL1‒CCR8 axis, thereby contributing to liver inflammation. Numerous small molecular receptor antagonists, including R243, have been developed for targeting CCR8; however, these agents face challenges in clinical translation, potentially attributed to their poor pharmacokinetic profiles, lack of target specificity, and potential adverse effects. In this study, we designed four CCR8 antagonizing peptides (AP8i-AP8iv) and performed molecular characterization and therapeutic investigation and .

Topical androgen therapy: a potential advancement in treating post-menopausal dry eye.

Post-menopausal dry eye disease is one of the frequently encountered conditions in ophthalmic and optometric practice. Despite the conventional treatment, it is often observed that these patients repeatedly show up to seek for help since their symptoms did not improve. In addition to pointing to the hormonal imbalance linked to post-menopause as a potential cause of dry eye, this also highlights the urgent need to review the necessary therapeutic approach.

Geospatial analysis of impact of climate change on potential habitat of Boswellia serrata Roxb. Ex Colebr in Eastern India.

Understanding the response of species' habitats to climate change is vital for their conservation and management. A growing body of evidence suggests that climate change is causing contraction in plant species' habitats, leading to declines in their natural populations. Habitat modeling has emerged as a powerful tool for studying the potential response of plant species to climate change.

Comparative computational and experimental insights into the structural, electrical, and biological properties of CeO fluorite ceramics.

A comprehensive comparative study was conducted on synthesized (CS) and commercially procured (CP) cerium oxide (CeO₂) samples, and evaluating their computational, structural, microstructural, biocompatibility, and electrical properties. First-principles computational studies revealed that CS exhibited greater volume optimization than CP, although both samples demonstrated a band gap of 2.4–2.