Influence of a Combination of Glycerol Polyethylene Glycol Ricinoleate and Bi-Distilled Oleic Acid in Powder Form on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Excreta Nitrogen and Liver Fatty Acid Profile of Broilers Fed Reduced-Energy Diets.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of an emulsifier in powder form composed of glycerol polyethylene glycol ricinoleate and bi-distilled oleic acid on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta nitrogen and liver fatty acid profile of broilers fed reduced-energy diets. A total of 720 male ROSS 308 chicks were divided into four homogeneous groups (9 pens/20 chicks per group): positive control (PC), negative control (NC, -70 kcal/kg of AME), EMUL1 and EMUL2 fed an NC diet + 250 and 500 mg/kg of emulsifier. Body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were evaluated.

Dietary supplementation with a blend composed of carvacrol, tannic acid derived from Castanea sativa and Glycyrrhiza glabra, and glycerides of medium chain fatty acids for weanling piglets raised in commercial farm.

This study aimed to evaluate the dietary administration of a blend composed of carvacrol, tannic acid derived from Castanea sativa mill and Glycyrrhiza glabra, medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) glycerides for weanling piglets. An in vitro digestion followed by total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAC) assessment was performed before the in vivo application. At weaning, a total of 210 piglets were randomly allocated to two experimental treatments (7 replicates/15 piglets for each replicate).

Comprehensive proteomic analysis reveals omega-3 fatty acids to counteract endotoxin-stimulated metabolic dysregulation in porcine enterocytes.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), such as the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are reported to beneficially affect the intestinal immunity. The biological pathways modulated by n-3 PUFA during an infection, at the level of intestinal epithelial barrier remain elusive. To address this gap, we investigated the proteomic changes induced by n-3 PUFA in porcine enterocyte cell line (IPEC-J2), in the presence and absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stress conditions using shotgun proteomics analysis integrated with RNA-sequencing technology.

Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of In Vitro Digested Hemp-Based Products.

The growth of the world population has prompted research to investigate new food/feed alternatives. Hemp-based products can be considered excellent candidates. Hemp ( L.

Role of Short Chain Fatty Acids to Counteract Inflammatory Stress and Mucus Production in Human Intestinal HT29-MTX-E12 Cells.

Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyrate (BUT), are known to promote intestinal health, but their role in the protection of intestinal barrier integrity is poorly characterized. The aim of the study was to set up an in vitro model of human colon epithelium using HT29-MTX-E12 cells to delineate the potential role of SCFAs under stress conditions. Accordingly, the HT29-MTX-E12 cells were differentiated for 42 days and subsequently exposed to dextran sulphate sodium (DSS).

Role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, citrus pectin, and milk-derived exosomes on intestinal barrier integrity and immunity in animals.

The gastrointestinal tract of livestock and poultry is prone to challenge by feedborne antigens, pathogens, and other stress factors in the farm environment. Excessive physiological inflammation and oxidative stress that arises firstly disrupts the intestinal epithelial barrier followed by other components of the gastrointestinal tract. In the present review, the interrelationship between intestinal barrier inflammation and oxidative stress that contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease was described.

Evaluation of Adhesive Characteristics of and Isolated from Weaned Piglets.

and strains, previously isolated from weaned piglets, were considered for the evaluation of their adhesive characteristics. Lactobacilli were treated with LiCl in order to remove the surface protein layer, and probiotic activity was compared with those of untreated strains. The autoaggregation, co-aggregation to F18+, and adhesive abilities of LiCl-treated and were significantly inhibited ( < 0.

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Counteract Inflammatory and Oxidative Damage of Non-Transformed Porcine Enterocytes.

Marine and plant-based omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) are widely added to animal diets to promote growth and immunity. We tested the hypothesis that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and their 1:2 combination could counteract acute or long-term damage of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) in Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cell line-J2 (IPEC-J2). The results showed that 24 h treatment with EPA or DHA exhibited proliferative effects in IPEC-J2 cells at low to moderate concentrations (6.

Green Tea and Pomegranate Extract Administered During Critical Moments of the Production Cycle Improves Blood Antiradical Activity and Alters Cecal Microbial Ecology of Broiler Chickens.

Phytobiotics are usually tested in feed and throughout the production cycle. However, it could be beneficial to evaluate their effects when administered only during critical moments, such as changes in feeding phases. The aim of the trial was to investigate the effect of a commercial plant extract (PE; IQV-10-P01, InQpharm Animal Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) on growth performance, blood antiradical activity and cecal microbiome when administered in drinking water to broiler chickens during the post-hatching phase and at each change of diet.

In Vitro Digestion of Chestnut and Quebracho Tannin Extracts: Antimicrobial Effect, Antioxidant Capacity and Cytomodulatory Activity in Swine Intestinal IPEC-J2 Cells.

Quebracho (Qu) and chestnut (Ch) are natural sources of tannins and they are currently used in animal nutrition as feed ingredients. However, to date the bio-accessibility, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and intestinal epithelial cell stimulatory doses of Qu and Ch have not been determined. Our study investigates the antioxidant and E.

In vitro-digested milk proteins: Evaluation of angiotensin-1-converting enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities, peptidomic profile, and mucin gene expression in HT29-MTX cells.

Over the past decades, several studies investigated the health-promoting functions of milk peptides. However, to date many hurdles still exist regarding the widespread use of milk-derived bioactive peptides, as they may be degraded during gastrointestinal digestion. Thus, the aim of our study was to in vitro digest intact whey protein isolate (WPI) and casein proteins (CNP), mimicking in vivo digestion, to investigate their bioactive effects and to identify the potential peptides involved.

Invited review: Dairy proteins and bioactive peptides: Modeling digestion and the intestinal barrier.

Dairy products are one of the most important sources of biologically active proteins and peptides. The health-promoting functions of these peptides are related to their primary structure, which depends on the parent protein composition. A crucial issue in this field is the demonstration of a cause-effect relationship from the ingested protein form to the bioactive form in vivo.

Combining E-Nose and Lateral Flow Immunoassays (LFIAs) for Rapid Occurrence/Co-Occurrence Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Detection in Maize.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of an e-nose in combination with lateral flow immunoassays for rapid aflatoxin and fumonisin occurrence/co-occurrence detection in maize samples. For this purpose, 161 samples of corn have been used. Below the regulatory limits, single-contaminated, and co-contaminated samples were classified according to the detection ranges established for commercial lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) for mycotoxin determination.

Cytotoxicity, apoptosis, DNA damage and methylation in mammary and kidney epithelial cell lines exposed to ochratoxin A.

This study aimed to investigate the in vitro damage induced by ochratoxin A (OTA) in BME-UV1 and MDCK epithelial cells. Both cells lines were treated with OTA (0 up to 10 μg/mL), and cell viability (MTT assay), membrane stability (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay) and apoptotic cell rate (Tunel assay) were investigated. Further, the effect of the incubation with OTA has been evaluated at DNA level by the determination of DNA integrity, by the quantification of DNA adduct formation (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)) and by the assessment of the global DNA methylation status (5-methyl-cytosine (5-mC)).

Effect of growth factors, estradiol 17-β, and short chain fatty acids on the intestinal HT29-MTX cells : Growth factors and SCFAs effects on intestinal E12 cells.

Peptides growth factors, hormones, and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are constantly in contact with the human bowel when secreted by gland or ingested by food, as milk and colostrum, or, as in the case of SCFAs, produced by fermentation processes. This study considers the effect of growth factors, estradiol 17-β, and SCFAs on the metabolic activity and proliferation of undifferentiated HT29-MTX-E12 (E12) cells. In particular, the aim of the present study was the characterization of the human intestinal cell line E12 for its suitability as an in vitro intestinal model for cell-nutrient interaction studies.

Effect of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide on u-PA activity and u-PA and u-PAR RNA expression in a bovine mammary epithelial cell line.

It is well known that the plasminogen-activating (PA) system plays a key role in the bovine mammary gland during tissue remodelling. However, the modulation of the PA cascade after bacterial infections needs to be elucidated. This study examined the effects of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on cell viability, the modulation of cell-associated u-PA activity, and the regulation of u-PA and u-PA receptor (u-PAR) RNA expression using the BME-UV1 bovine mammary epithelial cell line.

Effect of growth factors and lactogenic hormones on expression of plasminogen activator-related genes and cell proliferation in a bovine mammary epithelial cell line.

There is conflicting evidence in the literature as to whether up-regulation of urokinase plasminogen activator (u-PA) expression is related to bovine mammary epithelial cell growth. The role of u-PA receptor (u-PAR) and that of the plasminogen activator inhibitors type 1 and type 2 (PAI-1 and PAI-2) in bovine mammary epithelial cell proliferation is not known. The effect of growth factors and various hormones known to affect mammary function on expression of u-PA, u-PAR, PAI-1, PAI-2 and cell proliferation using the BME-UV1 bovine mammary epithelial cell line was examined.

Screening of species-specific lactic acid bacteria for veal calves multi-strain probiotic adjuncts.

The selection of promising specific species of lactic acid bacteria with potential probiotic characteristics is of particular interest in producing multi species-specific probiotic adjuncts in veal calves rearing. The aim of the present work was to select and evaluate in vitro the functional activity of lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacterium longum and Bacillus coagulans strains isolated from veal calves in order to assess their potential use as multi species-specific probiotics for veal calves. For this purpose, bacterial strains isolated from faeces collected from 40 healthy 50-day-calves, were identified by RiboPrinter and 16s rRNA gene sequence.

Alpha-tocopherol counteracts the cytotoxicity induced by ochratoxin a in primary porcine fibroblasts.

The aims of the current study were to determine the half-lethal concentration of ochratoxin A (OTA) as well as the levels of lactate dehydrogenase release and DNA fragmentation induced by OTA in primary porcine fibroblasts, and to examine the role of α-tocopherol in counteracting its toxicity. Cells showed a dose-, time- and origin-dependent (ear vs. embryo) sensitivity to ochratoxin A.

Evaluation of the protective effect of bovine lactoferrin against lipopolysaccharides in a bovine mammary epithelial cell line.

Lactoferrin (Lf) is a non-haem iron-binding glycoprotein with a molecular weight of about 80 kDa, synthesized by glandular epithelial cells and stored in the secondary granules of neutrophils. The physiological significance of Lf is related to non-specific immune defence against pathogens, immunomodulatory activity, iron homeostasis, antioxidant properties and regulation of cell growth. Lf is a bioactive component of the mammary secretions and its modulatory and defensive functions do affect the newborn and the mammary gland as well.

Administration of Bacillus coagulans in calves: recovery from faecal samples and evaluation of functional aspects of spores.

An investigation was carried out into the recovery from calf faeces of Bacillus coagulans spores added to the feed as probiotic. For this purpose, Bacillus coagulans spores (9 log₁₀ CFU g⁻¹) were given daily to 10 calves during the whole farming periods; another 10 calves acted as controls. Throughout the trial the faecal spore counts were significantly (P < 0.

Differential expression and secretion of alpha1-acid glycoprotein in bovine milk.

alpha1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP) is a lipocalin that is produced mainly by the liver and secreted into plasma in response to infections and injuries. In this study, we evaluated AGP isoforms that can be detected in bovine milk. We found that milk-AGP content is made up of at least two isoform groups, a low MW group (44 kDa) that is produced in the mammary gland (MG-AGP), and a higher MW group (55-70 kDa), that is produced by somatic cells (SC-AGP).