Utilizing Opportunistic Computed Tomography Imaging to Refine Lean Body Weight Estimates in Patients with Obesity.

Introduction: While dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the gold standard for measuring lean body weight (LBW), computed tomography (CT) provides muscle composition and distribution metrics that can refine LBW for better weight-based dosing. We explored how existing computed tomography (CT) images could be utilized to better estimate LBW.

Methods: Sixty-three adult patients (71.

Pharmacokinetic Characterization of Iopamidol and Iohexol for Optimizing Measured Glomerular Filtration Rate Assessment in Clinical Practice and Drug Development.

Accurate kidney function assessment supports healthcare and clinical decision-making in practice and drug development. Measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) via iohexol clearance is the gold standard, but cost, supply issues, and logistical challenges limit its clinical use. Iopamidol, another iodinated contrast agent widely used in CT imaging, has not been studied in humans for mGFR assessment.

A comparison between radiomic biological age and chronological age in estimating kidney function.

Accurate kidney function estimation hinges on essential markers of age and body size. The relative benefit of both markers has been debated with the emerging biological age and novel body size descriptors. We used radiomic biomarkers of age-related changes in body composition to construct new biological age indices as covariates of kidney function.

Radiomic-based biomarkers: Transforming age and body composition metrics into personalized age-informed indices.

Chronological age has been the standard for quantifying the aging process. While it is simple to quantify it cannot fully discern the biological variability of aging between individuals. The growing body of interest in this variability of human aging has led to the introduction of new biomarkers to operationalize biological age.

Reconsideration of the current models of estimated kidney function-based drug dose adjustment in older adults: The role of biological age.

Human lifespan has increased from a median of 46.5 years in 1950 to 71.7 years in 2022.

Response Surface Study on Molecular Docking Simulations of Citalopram and Donepezil as Potent CNS Drugs.

Computer-aided drug design provides broad structural modifications to evolving bioactive molecules without an immediate requirement to observe synthetic restraints or tedious protocols. Subsequently, the most promising guidelines with regard to synthetic and biological resources may be focused on upcoming steps. Molecular docking is common drug design techniques since it predicts ligand-receptor interaction modes and associated binding affinities.

Synthesis and toxicity assessment of 3-oxobutanamides against human lymphocytes and isolated mitochondria.

To reduce costly late-phase compound scrubbing, there has been an increased focus on assessing compounds within in vitro assays that predict properties of human safety liabilities, before preclinical in vivo studies. The aim of our study was to answer the questions that whether the toxicity risk of a series of 3-oxobutanamide derivatives could be predicted by using of human lymphocytes and their isolated mitochondria. Using biochemical and flow cytometry assessments, we demonstrated that exposure of lymphocytes and isolated mitochondria to five 3-oxobutanamide derivatives (1-5) did not exhibit remarkable toxicity at low concentrations (50-500μM) but toxicity could be observed at high concentrations (1000 and 2000μM), particularly for N-(5-(4-bromophenyl)-3-isoxazolyl)-3-oxobutanamide (4) and N-(2-benzothiazolyl)-3-oxo butanamide (5).