The Comprehension, Cosmetics, Convenience, Content, and Credibility of Infographic Patient Information Leaflets (iPILs) Compared to Existing PILs (ePILs).

: Existing patient information leaflets (ePILs), mandated by the FDA to accompany new prescriptions, are difficult to read and understand due to their complexity and poor visual design, especially for populations with low health literacy and low English proficiency. In this study, we developed infographic-based PILs (iPILs) with a concise question-and-answer format, emphasizing essential information, as specified by the FDA. This study compared iPILs and ePILs using the 5C factors: comprehension, cosmetics, convenience, content, and credibility, as perceived by English-speaking and Spanish-speaking populations.

Association of OFF period characteristics with patient communication behaviors in Parkinson's disease.

Objective: Underreporting of OFF symptoms and poor patient-provider communication are known challenges in Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to determine: (a) OFF period patient communication behavior components and (b) whether OFF period characteristics (frequency, duration, severity) were associated with communication behaviors.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using the Fox Insight database was conducted.

Pharmacy faculty and students perceptions of artificial intelligence: A National Survey.

Introduction: This study explores the perceptions, familiarity, and utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) among pharmacy faculty and students across the United States. By identifying key gaps in AI education and training, it highlights the need for structured curricular integration to prepare future pharmacists for an evolving digital healthcare landscape.

Methods: A 19-item Qualtrics™ survey was created to assess perceptions of AI use among pharmacy faculty and students and distributed utilizing publicly available contacts at schools of pharmacy and intern lists.

Bridging the Digital Divide: The Importance of Techquity in Pharmacy Education.

Technology is ubiquitous in both pharmacy education and practice, vital for optimizing the learning environment and delivering high-quality patient care. The growth of artificial intelligence, automation, and wearable technologies has prompted changes in pharmacy curricula, with the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education now requiring education on digital health and associated technologies. Although technology offers significant benefits, it can also perpetuate inequities that disproportionately affect marginalized populations.

Pharmacists' perceptions of artificial intelligence: A national survey.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly growing and evolving field impacting pharmacy research, education, and professional practice. The development and adaptation of AI technologies have the potential to radically shape the future of the pharmacy profession. However, it remains unclear how aware pharmacists are of these technologies or their perceptions regarding current and future utilization.

Real-World Experiences of Parkinson's Disease OFF Time and Role of Demographics.

Purpose: OFF periods are episodes when Parkinson's disease (PD) medications work suboptimally, with symptoms returning and impacting quality of life. We aimed to characterize OFF periods using patient-reported frequency, severity, and duration, as well as determine these characteristics' associations with demographics.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using Fox Insight Data Exploration Network (Fox DEN) database was conducted.

Pharmacy Leaders' Advice to Students Pursuing Leadership: A Qualitative Study.

Introduction: Leadership development is important both from a curricular standpoint and for continued advancement of the profession. Advice from current leaders in the profession may serve as a powerful motivator to students desiring to be leaders. The purpose of this qualitative study was to provide advice from experienced pharmacy leaders.

Pharmacy Leaders' Reflections on Leadership and Legacy.

Objective: To explore the experiences, contributions, and perceived legacy of individuals recognized as leaders in the pharmacy profession and compare these by gender and generational category.

Methods: A total of 54 leaders were interviewed about their journey to leadership and the legacy they leave to the profession. Interviews were transcribed, de-identified, and qualitatively analyzed using an inductive, modified constant comparison approach for open and axial coding.

Guidance for Qualitative Research Manuscripts in Pharmacy Education.

The goal of this Best Practice Review is to support researchers in successfully preparing and publishing qualitative research in pharmacy education. Standard practice from the literature and journals' guidance from related fields were reviewed, and recommendations and resources applicable to qualitative research in pharmacy education were compiled for researchers planning to conduct and publish qualitative research. This review provides recommendations, not requirements, for publication in the Journal and is intended to be a guide, especially for authors and reviewers relatively new to the field of qualitative research.

Consumer Perceptions of a Shingles Infograph Intervention and Vaccination Plans in Community Pharmacy Settings.

Cost and lack of knowledge are key barriers to improving shingles vaccination rates in community pharmacies. A health literacy (HL) tailored infograph intervention addressing these barriers can enhance consumer interest in shingles vaccinations. The objectives were to: 1) design a health literacy tailored shingles infograph addressing cost and knowledge about vaccination barriers, 2) determine consumer perceptions of infograph usefulness, and 3) determine factors associated with shingles vaccination plans.

The Report of the 2021-2022 Professional Affairs Standing Committee: Resource Guide for the Integration of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty in Professional Practice Settings.

The 2021-22 Professional Affairs Committee was charged to (1) Develop a resource guide for member institutions and faculty regarding payment for the practice-related activities of pharmacy faculty; (2) Nominate at least one person for an elected AACP or Council Office; and (3) Consider ways that AACP can improve its financial health. This report describes the methodology and content utilized for the development of an online resource guide for member institutions, faculty, and practice sites regarding the integration of clinical faculties' patient care services into patient care settings, including models for payment and value-based payment structures that can be utilized to support the practice-related activities of faculty. The committee offers a revision to a current association policy statement, a proposed policy statement as well as recommendations to AACP and suggestions to colleges and schools of pharmacy pertaining to the committee charges.

Reliability and Validity Evidence for an Academic Gender Equity Questionnaire.

The majority of practicing pharmacists and student pharmacists are women. However, instruments to assess perceptions of gender equity within pharmacy academia are not available. The objective of this research was to describe the psychometric analysis of a questionnaire developed to assess gender equity by a Gender Equity Task Force and to report reliability and validity evidence.

Seeking Gender Equity in Pharmacy Academia.

Gender inequity is a critical diversity, equity, and inclusion issue that has continued to lead to workplace disparities. While gender-based differences in pay are well documented, there are multiple other facets of academic worklife (eg, teaching, research, service, resources, etc) wherein gender inequities exist but have never been systematically identified or reported. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated these inequities.

Gender equity perceptions among social and administrative science faculty: A qualitative evaluation.

Background: Anecdotal evidence suggests that gender inequity persists in academic pharmacy. To date, there are limited published data about the perception of gender inequity in academic pharmacy.

Objective: The objective of this project was to determine themes associated with gender inequity perceptions in social and administrative science faculty from 2 national pharmacy organizations.

Design and evaluation of a mobile serious game application to supplement instruction.

Background And Purpose: Pharmacy students often exhibit minimal interest in pharmacy management courses. This pilot study reports on the design and testing of a mobile game application (app) prototype to improve student engagement and learning of financial management concepts.

Educational Activity And Setting: A mobile app (Planet Finance) was designed to supplement instruction for two key financial management topics.

Inclusion of Health Disparities, Cultural Competence, and Health Literacy Content in US and Canadian Pharmacy Curriculums.

To determine how US and Canadian pharmacy schools include content related to health disparities and cultural competence and health literacy in curriculum as well as to review assessment practices. A cross-sectional survey was distributed to 143 accredited and candidate-status pharmacy programs in the United States and 10 in Canada in three phases. Statistical analysis was performed to assess inter-institutional variability and relationships between institutional characteristics and survey results.

Pharmacy in an Improved Health Care Delivery Model Using Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.

Our objective is to suggest a revised model of health care delivery that emphasizes human connections in patient care and describes the role of pharmacists within the model. Improving the quality of patient experiences is one of the triple aims of health care delivery. Using the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) model as the basis, we describe an enhanced delivery model that adopts Maslow's hierarchy of needs and addresses the current deficiencies of the PCMH model.

Mental Health Literacy of Pharmacy Students Compared to Nursing and Medical Students.

Objectives: To determine and compare the mental health literacy of pharmacy, nursing, and medical students.

Methods: Pharmacy, nursing, and medical students in the final year of their didactic program were administered a widely used mental health literacy questionnaire either via paper (nursing) or via email (pharmacy and medicine). For email questionnaires, weekly reminder emails with links for survey completion were sent over a three-week period.

Demographic and health-related predictors of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage in NHANES population.

Background: Reports of adverse outcomes with use of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) and recent associations between PPI use and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) suggest the need to examine PPI use in the general population.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine PPI use in the general U.S.

Cannabis Dependence or Abuse in Kidney Transplantation: Implications for Posttransplant Outcomes.

Background: Cannabis is categorized as an illicit drug in most US states, but legalization for medical indications is increasing. Policies and guidance on cannabis use in transplant patients remain controversial.

Methods: We examined a database linking national kidney transplant records (n = 52 689) with Medicare claims to identify diagnoses of cannabis dependence or abuse (CDOA) and associations [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% upper and lower confidence limits (CLs)] with graft, patient, and other clinical outcomes.

Awareness, self-management behaviors, health literacy and kidney function relationships in specialty practice.

Aim: To determine the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) awareness (CKD-A), self-management behaviors (CKD-SMB) knowledge, performance of CKD-SMBs, health literacy (HL) and kidney function.

Methods: Participants were eligible patients attending an outpatient nephrology clinic. Participants were administered: Newest Vital Sign to measure HL, CKD self-management knowledge tool (CKD-SMKT) to assess knowledge, past performance of CKD-SMB, CKD-A.

Interprofessional Online Global Health Course.

The design and evaluation of an online global health course targeted for pharmacy and other undergraduates is presented. Enrolled students represented nursing, health education, pharmacy and a variety of other disciplines. The course was designed as an entirely online one with no class meetings.

Pharmacy language assistance resources and their association with pharmacists' self-efficacy in communicating with Spanish-speaking patients.

Background: Spanish-speaking patients experience significant disparities in care and poorer health outcomes in comparison to English-speaking patients, often due to language barriers. Providers should be equipped with resources to effectively communicate with Spanish-speaking patients to provide the best possible care.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the resources available to support pharmacists' communication with Spanish-speaking patients.