Profiles of impulsivity and alcohol use: Unveiling personality, cognitive traits, and DSM diagnoses.

Background: Impulsivity is closely associated with alcohol use, but limited research has explored distinct latent profiles encompassing impulsivity traits and alcohol use disorder symptoms.

Methods: This study used latent profile analysis (LPA) to investigate these patterns among 201 adult outpatients (50% female, 50% male) from a tertiary care setting. Participants completed self-reported measures such as the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Impaired Control Scale, and UPPS-P Impulsivity Scale, as well as performance-based tasks like the Probability Reward Task (PRT) and Stop Signal Reaction Time Task.

Alexithymia and Impaired Mentalization: Evidence from Self-, Informant-, and Meta-Perception Ratings on the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale.

Alexithymia is a trait-like deficit in the cognitive processing of emotions, characterized by difficulty identifying and describing feelings, externally oriented thinking, and limited imaginal capacity. It reflects a deficit in emotional intelligence, specifically in the intrapersonal ability to understand and manage one's own emotional states and to similarly recognize how others might view them. Emotional intelligence has been conceptualized as a distinct form of intelligence that involves emotion-related mental abilities and meets standard psychometric criteria for inclusion within the broader taxonomy of human intelligences.

Interpersonal problems as a predictor of treatment outcome in adult depression: An individual participant data meta-analysis.

Objectives: Interpersonal problems are a fundamental feature of depression, but study-level meta-analyses of their association with treatment outcome have been limited by heterogeneity in primary studies' analyses and reported results. We conducted a pre-registered individual participant data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) to examine this relationship for adult depression. This meta-analytic strategy can reduce variability by standardizing data analysis across primary studies.

Alexithymia: A Defense of the Original Conceptualization of the Construct and a Critique of the Attention-Appraisal Model.

Objective: Our goal was to compare the original conceptualization of the alexithymia construct with the attention-appraisal model, focusing primarily on the removal of the reduced imaginal activity component, a seminal aspect of the construct in the original model. We also examined associations between alexithymia and emotional distress and emotion regulation, attachment, and trauma, and whether alexithymia is a transdiagnostic risk factor. We discuss differences between the models in the treatment of alexithymia and also differences in measurement.

Comparative efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy and antidepressant medication for adult depression: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) and antidepressant medications are both first-line interventions for adult depression, but their relative efficacy in the long term and on outcome measures other than depressive symptomatology is unknown. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analyses can provide more precise effect estimates than conventional meta-analyses. This IPD meta-analysis compared the efficacy of IPT and antidepressants on various outcomes at post-treatment and follow-up (PROSPERO: CRD42020219891).