Harnessing volatile organic compound biomarkers for early cancer detection: molecular to nanotechnology-based approaches.

Early-stage cancer diagnosis is considered a grand challenge, and even though advanced analytical assays have been established through molecular biology techniques, there are still clinical limitations. For example, low concentration of target biomarkers at early stages of cancer, background values from the healthy cells, individual variation, and factors like DNA mutations, remain the limiting factor in early cancer detection. Volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarkers in exhaled breath are produced during cancer cell metabolism, and therefore may present a promising way to diagnose cancer at the early stage since they can be detected both rapidly and non-invasively.

Direct anterior vs. posterior approach in hip arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis for Asian demographics.

Background: The Direct Anterior Approach (DAA) in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is gaining popularity due to faster recovery and lower dislocation rates than the Posterior Approach (PA). However, its adoption in Asia remains limited. This systematic review compares functional, radiological, and clinical outcomes of DAA and PA in Asian populations.

Homolytic fracture of inorganic crystalline materials enhances the mechano-chemical degradation of polypropylene.

Mechano-chemistry can depolymerize plastics to their monomers. The conversion of polyolefins, however, suffers from low chain cleavage rates and the low stability of radical intermediates. Therefore, insights into the degradation mechanism are crucial to obtain higher yields.

Morphological diversity assessment in date palm (Phoenix dectylifera L.) germplasms grown under hot arid region of India.

Background: Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a vital fruit crop cultivated in hot, arid regions due to its economic, nutritional, and ecological significance. Understanding the morphological diversity among different genotypes is crucial for breeding, conservation, and improving yield potential.

Experimentally validated finite element model for mechanical and fracture characteristics of SiCN thin films under different loads.

In this work, SiCN thin films were deposited on p-Si (100) substrate using a thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process. The mechanical behavior of the thin film was characterized using the nanoindentation technique, where the load was varied from 1 to 4 mN, to understand the influence of load variation on the load-displacement response. Additionally, an experimentally validated FE model, incorporating an elast-plastic material response of the thin film, was developed to understand localized stress distribution and fracture behavior.