Psychiatric multimorbidity in heart failure.

Objective: There have been numerous studies of specific psychiatric comorbidities such as major depression in patients with heart disease, but there have been relatively few studies of psychiatric multimorbidity in these patients. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence and correlates of psychiatric multimorbidity in patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods: Patients who had been hospitalized with HF were enrolled in this cross-sectional study within 30 days of hospital discharge and interviewed within two weeks after enrollment.

Multiomics Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles Supports Their Involvement in Endothelial Senescence-Associated Vascular Dysfunction.

Dysfunction of vascular endothelium is characteristic of many aging-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRD). Although it is widely posited that endothelial cell dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis and/or progression of AD/ADRD, it is not clear how. A plausible hypothesis is that intercellular trafficking of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from senescent vascular endothelial cells promotes vascular endothelial cell dysfunction.

Alveolar Extracellular Vesicles May Protect Some Patients With Chronic Aspiration From Pneumonia.

Objectives: Aspiration pneumonia (PNA) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Up to 30% of healthy older adults may aspirate; however, many individuals with chronic aspiration do not develop PNA. We hypothesize that some patients with chronic aspiration may have distinct immune profiles that protect against PNA.

Integration of label-free surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of extracellular vesicles (EVs) with Raman tagged labels to enhance ovarian cancer diagnostics.

We report a proof-of-concept diagnostic strategy that integrates multiplexed Raman-tagged antibody labeling with label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and machine learning (ML) to improve the detection of ovarian cancer via extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs were isolated from patient plasma using size-exclusion chromatography and labeled with polyyne-based Raman tags targeting three ovarian cancer biomarkers: CA-125, HE4, and CA-19-9. Labeled and unlabeled EVs were deposited onto SERS-active substrates, and spectra were collected using a custom confocal Raman microscope.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 56,241 individuals identifies known and novel cross-population and ancestry-specific associations as novel risk loci for Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Limited ancestral diversity has impaired our ability to detect risk variants more prevalent in ancestry groups of predominantly non-European ancestral background in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We construct and analyze a multi-ancestry GWAS dataset in the Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium (ADGC) to test for novel shared and population-specific late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) susceptibility loci and evaluate underlying genetic architecture in 37,382 non-Hispanic White (NHW), 6728 African American, 8899 Hispanic (HIS), and 3232 East Asian individuals, performing within ancestry fixed-effects meta-analysis followed by a cross-ancestry random-effects meta-analysis.

Results: We identify 13 loci with cross-population associations including known loci at/near CR1, BIN1, TREM2, CD2AP, PTK2B, CLU, SHARPIN, MS4A6A, PICALM, ABCA7, APOE, and two novel loci not previously reported at 11p12 (LRRC4C) and 12q24.