Bridging the Beam Gap: Expanding Global Access to Stereotactic Radiosurgery Through Policy and Innovation.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), a noninvasive technique that delivers a high dose of ionizing radiation to a precisely defined focal target volume, is foundational to modern neuro-oncology and functional neurosurgery. SRS provides highly accurate, noninvasive treatment for a range of intracranial conditions, including malignant and benign tumors, vascular malformations such as arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and movement or functional disorders like trigeminal neuralgia. Despite a well-documented safety record and demonstrable efficacy, significant disparities in accessibility persist across global, geographic, and socioeconomic lines.

Multisystem Thoracic Hydatidosis With Intracardiac Involvement in an Elderly Male Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

hydatid disease is an infestation by a parasite, commonly of the liver and lungs. Multicomponent and cardiac thoracic involvement are rare and diagnostic challenges. A report of a shortness-of-breath-impacted, chest-tightness-impacted man aged 80 years who presented with grape-like vesicles expectorated is described.

Extensive Muscular and Subcutaneous Metastases in Moderately Differentiated Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue: A Case Report.

This report details a unique case of extensive muscular and subcutaneous metastasis in the setting of moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, diagnosed in a 70-year-old male. The patient presented with a painless ulceration of the tongue, non-specific swelling of both soft tissue on the scalp, chin and upper left arm, as well as unintentional and continued weight loss. While metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue will usually follow the classic pattern of metastasizing to the lungs, liver and bones, this case presented with broad soft tissue involvement of the scalp, skeletal muscle and subcutaneous tissue.

Symptomatic Gallbladder Duplication With Mucocele and Calculi: An Anatomic Variant Diagnosed by CT.

Gallbladder duplicates are generally asymptomatic and discovered incidentally; meanwhile, complications with gallbladder duplication, such as cholelithiasis and mucocele, can result in acute symptoms in the abdominal region with both complicated diagnostic and/or surgical difficulties. This report describes a 51-year-old male patient who presented to our facility with colicky right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated true gallbladder duplication with two separate cystic ducts, one of which was distended secondary to a mucocele from an obstructing calculus.

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome in a Female Adult: A Rare Case of Progressive Hemiparesis, Epilepsy, and Cerebral Hemiatrophy.

Consideration of Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) in patients with epilepsy, hemiparesis, and cognitive impairment should be taken into account. MRI plays a key role in diagnosing this rare disorder by recognizing cerebral hemiatrophy with compensatory skull and sinus hypertrophy. Early recognition can assist with symptom management and improve patient care, the prognosis.

Pediatric Craniovertebral Junction Anomalies: A Literature Review.

Pediatric craniovertebral junction (CVJ) abnormalities comprise a heterogeneous and multifaceted collection of congenital and CVJ malformations that involve the occipital bone, C1, and C2, as well as associated ligamentous structures. They have the potential to severely impair neurologic function through cervicomedullary junction compression, instability, or vascular insufficiency. Early diagnosis and urgent surgical intervention are crucial to optimizing neurological outcomes in children with this condition, but the anatomical and biomechanical features of the pediatric spine present special diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

The Role of Sulopenem in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs) rank as one of the most frequent bacterial infections, particularly in females, and antimicrobial resistance is complicating the situation more and more. So, first-line agents such as nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole are losing their beneficial effects. There is an urgent call for new therapies due to the very alarming global rise of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacterial isolates.

Sacral Agenesis Type II in a 12-Year-Old Patient: A Delayed Presentation in a Low-Resource Setting.

Sacral agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly with varying severity, from partial sacral hypoplasia to complete absence of the sacrum and coccyx. Often linked to maternal diabetes, it can cause significant neuromuscular and genitourinary complications. We present a 12-year-old female patient from a low-resource setting with lifelong lower limb weakness and urinary incontinence, born to a diabetic mother and diagnosed with sacral agenesis Type II.

Iron Overload, Clonal Hematopoiesis, and Cancer Risk in Aging and Transfusion-Dependent Populations: A Literature Review.

Aging also contributes to cancer risk factor potentiation by disturbed iron metabolism and genomic instability, both of which contribute to enhanced risk of cancer, particularly in transfusion-dependent groups such as patients with β-thalassemia or myelodysplastic syndromes. Systemic iron overload results from chronic transfusions and progressively disturbed iron homeostasis and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) that contribute to oncogenic burden. All these create a permissive profile in which carcinogenesis is favored by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, immune suppression, and disrupted DNA repair.

Awareness About Thalassemia Among the Parents of Thalassemic Children in Balochistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Thalassemia major is the most common genetic disorder, affecting 60,000 individuals annually worldwide. It involves reduced or absent synthesis of hemoglobin chains, leading to severe anemia. Awareness of its transmission, diagnosis, and prevention is crucial in reducing incidence, especially in high-risk families.